1. Comparative Digestive Systems Topic 3024 Amanda Moore Torey Birchmeier Modified by Ashlee Gibson

2. Digestive Systems Overviews

3. Digestion Digestion: Breaking down large, ______________________________________ into simpler molecules for use by an organism. Food enters the mouth and goes through ______________ and ________________ changes as it passes through the alimentary canal.

4. Types of Stomachs _________________________________ –Man, Pig _________________________________ –Cattle, Sheep, Goats ___________________________________ ___________________ –Horses, Rabbits, Guinea Pigs

5. Parts of Digestive Tract ____________: initial opening of alimentary canal –________________________________ secrete juices that contain enzymes to help break up the food –Mastication chewing, crushing, preparing food for swallowing

6. Parts of Digestive Tract _____________: funnel shaped muscle between mouth and esophagus –part of digestive and respiratory tracts Esophagus: __________________________________ –muscle contractions move food down to stomach

7. Parts of Digestive Tract Stomach: located between esophagus and small intestine – Two basics types _________________________________

8. Parts of Digestive Tract Simple Stomach Humans, swine, rabbits and horses –Divided into three regions _____________________

9. Simple Stomach Digestion: –______________________________________ ______________________________________ –Is ________________, enzymes soften and break down macromolecules of food enzymes are catalysts, they start the chemical reactions

10. Simple Stomach ________________ that break down food –Gastric-break down proteins in stomach –Liver and pancreatic-break down fats in small intestine –Intestinal-break down carbohydrates and proteins in small intestine

11. Parts of Digestion Tract Ruminant Stomach Sheep, Cows and Goats Occupies 3/4 of the abdominal cavity

12. Four Components of Ruminant Stomach __________________________ –composes 80% of ruminant stomach in mature bovine animals and 30% in young animals _________________________________ –composes about 5% of bovine stomach –prevents indigestible objects from entering the stomach

13. Four Components of Ruminant Stomach _______________________________ –composes 7-8% of bovine stomach –absorbs mostly water _______________________________ –the “true” stomach –composes 7-8% of stomach in mature animals and 70% in young animals

15. Digestion in the Ruminant Stomach ______________________: The process of ___________________, _______________, _______________ and _______________ of food. Purpose: To smash and break up food which provides more surface area bacteria to break down

16. Parts of Digestive Tract _________________: long, coiled tube connecting the stomach with the large intestine. –Is covered by ________________ which increases surface area to increase absorption –Food moves through by muscle contractions called ___________________________ –Final breakdown and absorption of nutrients occurs here

17. Parts of the Digestive Tract Large Intestine –Includes _______________, ___________ and _____________________________ –__________________________________ –Very little nutrient absorption takes place here

18. Parts of the Digestive Tract Accessory Organs __________________________________ –secretes ________________which breakdown fat and starches ______________________________ –secrets _______________ which digest fats