1. Ghassemi et al., Public Health Nutrition, Feb 2002 Accelerated Nutrition Transition in Iran Hossein Ghassemi, Gail Harrison, and Kazem Mohammad

2. Ghassemi et al., Public Health Nutrition, Feb 2002 Population and Urbanization Trends in Iran, 1955-1995 1955 1975 1995 Total population19 million 34 million 60 million % urban 31% 47% 61% Number of urban centers 186 373 615

3. Ghassemi et al., Public Health Nutrition, Feb 2002 Health Indicators Change Last 20 Yrs Life Expectancy increased by 12 years Infant mortality rate decreased 77% <5 child mortality rate decreased by 84%

4. Ghassemi et al., Public Health Nutrition, Feb 2002 Social Indicators Adult literacy 75% (female 67.4%) Youth literacy 93.2% Primary school enrollment 90% (81.2% reach secondary school) Student/teacher ratio 30 University education - female and male enrollments equal

5. Ghassemi et al., Public Health Nutrition, Feb 2002 Trends in the Human Development Index and Gross Domestic Product/Capita for Iran, 1975-1998 1975 1980 1985 1990 1998 Human Development 0.566 0.573 0.618 0.653 0.706 Index Gross Domestic Product/Per capita 1511 1129 1208 1056 1275 (US $1995)

6. Ghassemi et al., Public Health Nutrition, Feb 2002

7. Prevalence of Stunting, Underweight, Wasting and Overweight among Children 2-5 Years Iran National Health Survey 1999 Urban (n=2588) Rural (n=1989) Stunted: Boys20.029.3 Girls27.629.2 Underweight: Boys14.022.9 Girls17.714.2 Wasted: Boys 9.512.3 Girls11.312.0 Overweight: Boys11.0 6.9 Girls 9.0 7.3

8. Ghassemi et al., Public Health Nutrition, Feb 2002 Household Food Basket (Expenditure Data) for Rural and Urban Aras, 1985-1995 (gm/capita/day) Food GroupUrban Households Rural Households 1985 1995 Bread355 435 561 332 Rice104 107 86 100 Meat138 65 50 58 Dairy products 182 153 164 203 Eggs 29 22 20 18 Fruits & vegetables755 432 284 334 Fats & oils 32 33 18 32 Sugar 41 50 40 60

9. Ghassemi et al., Public Health Nutrition, Feb 2002 Average Percent of Dietary Energy from Fat Iran (national) and Tehran Province, 1995 National22% Urban24% Rural19% Tehran Province29% Urban30% Rural26%

10. Ghassemi et al., Public Health Nutrition, Feb 2002 Per Capita Food Consumption in Relation to FAO/WHO Recommended Levels, Iran 1995 (Percent of Households) Nutrient 120% Rec. (“Severely Insecure) (“Mildly Insecure) (“Secure”) (“Overconsumption”) Energy1192543 Protein 8 71955 Calcium30101834 Vitamin A46 51034 Riboflavin70 911 7

11. Ghassemi et al., Public Health Nutrition, Feb 2002 Imbalances in Consumption Subsystem Child Underweight Vit A Def. Energy consumption (%) Deficient Overconsumption High60 19 40 Medium45 18 49 Low30 19 46 National Average51 20 43

12. Ghassemi et al., Public Health Nutrition, Feb 2002 Prevalences (%) of Overweight and Obesity among Adults, Iran National Health Survey 1999 Urban Rural Overweight Obese Overweight Obese Women 15-39 yrs 24.5 12.318.5 6.9 40-60 yrs 38.9 27.9 31.3 15.6 70 yrs+ 30.4 15.6 21.6 6.7 Men 15-39 yrs 21.2 4.7 14.3 2.2 40-60 yrs 39.8 11.0 22.5 6.2 70 yrs+ 28.5 5.7 16.5 3.0

13. Ghassemi et al., Public Health Nutrition, Feb 2002 Prevalence (%) of Total Serum Cholesterol >200 mg/dl Iran National Health Survey, 1990 and 1999 Urban Rural 1990 1999 1990 1999 Men 15-39 yrs 24.0 21.8 22.7 19.3 40-69 yrs 40.2 39.9 36.4 31.9 70 yrs + 34.3 28.1 Women 15-39 yrs 26.0 26.2 26.8 20.6 40-69 yrs 47.8 48.5 41.2 38.7 70 yrs + 50.9 41.2