1. Unit One: GIS Concepts In this unit… ► What is GIS? ► Types of GIS data ► What can you do with GIS? ► ArcGIS 9 license levels ► Basics of the ArcGIS 9 environment

2. Unit One – GIS Concepts 2 What is GIS? GIS = Geographic Information System A system for A system for capturing capturing managing managing manipulating manipulating displaying displaying analyzing analyzing spatial data spatial data

3. Unit One – GIS Concepts 3 What is GIS? HardwareSoftware DataPeople Procedures

4. Unit One – GIS Concepts 4 What is GIS? ► A Map is a format for presenting data ► Software is a tool to manage data ► Data is information in digital form 

5. Unit One – GIS Concepts 5 What is GIS? Software 

6. Unit One – GIS Concepts 6 What’s Different about GIS Data? 1. a location (or geospatial) component 2. a graphic component 3. can connect tabular data to map features

7. Unit One – GIS Concepts 7 What’s Different about GIS Data? 1. Location (Geospatial) Component: ► Latitude & longitude ► X, Y components in a known geographic coordinate system ► A street address ► A spatial index (!?)

8. Unit One – GIS Concepts 8 What’s Different about GIS Data? 2. Graphic (or Image) Component A picture or graphic located in reference to a known model of the earth. from ESRI

9. Unit One – GIS Concepts 9 What’s Different About GIS Data? 3. Can connect tabular data to map features

10. Unit One – GIS Concepts 10 Types of GIS Data 1. Attribute Data 2. Feature Data 3. Image Data 4. Grid Data, etc.

11. Unit One – GIS Concepts 11 1. Feature Data and Attribute Tables Types of GIS Data Each “Record” in the table… …Connected to a “Feature” in the “Feature Data”

12. Unit One – GIS Concepts 12 Types of GIS Data 2. Image Data ► Does not have discrete Features or Attributes ► Can be shown with Feature Data. Feature data Image data (shown on top of)

13. Unit One – GIS Concepts 13 Types of GIS Data 2. Image Data – Examples 1. Aerial Photos 2. Topographic maps 3. Satellite Imagery

14. Unit One – GIS Concepts 14 Feature data types: ► Point ► Polygon ► Line Types of GIS Data Any of these “Feature Types” can be “layered” over others

15. Unit One – GIS Concepts 15 ► Capture ► Store ► Display ► Query ► Analyze ► Output What can you do with GIS?

16. Unit One – GIS Concepts 16 What can you do with GIS? ► Depict reality (approximately!) ► Tell a story – make a case ► Better understand relationships that might not be obvious

17. Unit One – GIS Concepts 17  how far?  how deep?  how long?  how big? What can you do with GIS? ► Answer questions like:  where should I?  where shouldn’t I?  where is an address?  what’s within?  what intersects?  what’s near?  what abuts?  AND MORE!  Or any combination! ► create new data from the amazing results of the questions you asked.

18. Unit One – GIS Concepts 18 ArcGIS License Levels ArcGIS License levels limit functionality. ArcInfo ArcEditor ArcView MostLeast features

19. Unit One – GIS Concepts 19 ArcInfoArcEditorArcView features Basics of the ArcGIS Environment All licenses contain the same components... …components are limited in capability based on the license level. ArcCatalog ArcMAP ArcToolbox

20. Unit One – GIS Concepts 20 ArcInfoArcEditorArcView ArcCatalog Basics of the ArcGIS Environment AV 3.x Users: Get used to it! ArcMAP These three components replace (and enhance) AV 3.x features ArcMap = Views & Layouts ArcCatalog = MS Explorer, Shapefile Manager ArcToolbox = Projection Wizard extension, Import71 utility, and more ArcToolbox

21. Unit One – GIS Concepts 21 ArcMAP Basics of the ArcGIS Environment ArcCatalog ArcMAP ArcToolbox A Quick tour of the ArcMap workspace. Map Document Tools Tool bar (docked) T.O.C. (docked) T.O.C. Tabs Display/Layout View Selector Title bar Menu bar Standard Tool bar Draw Tool bar Status bar Edit Tool bar Display Area

22. Unit One – GIS Concepts 22 Basics of the ArcGIS Environment ArcMAP What ArcMap “Is” ► A virtual environment  Make changes to the way data “looks”  A Map Document “authoring tool” ► A GIS Data Editor/Creator  geoprocessing,  graphical feature editing  table editing

23. Unit One – GIS Concepts 23 Basics of the ArcGIS Environment “Data Frame”  Organizes “Layers”  Multiple Data Frames possible  Yellow icon “Layers”  Represents symbolized spatial data  Located within Data Frames  Use “context menu” for managing properties  Draw in TOC order (bottom to top) Shown in the map File system info Data Representation: the T.O.C.

24. Unit One – GIS Concepts 24 Basics of the ArcGIS Environment Other things you need to know! This “tools toolbar”… … could go  HERE or or

25. Unit One – GIS Concepts 25 Basics of the ArcGIS Environment Other things you need to know! ArcGIS wants to know about your data. Depending on the structure and completeness of your data, you may get this error message: We will learn how to provide this essential information in later units. (see Unit Ten – Georeferenced Data) Other things you need to know!

26. Unit One – GIS Concepts 26 Basics of the ArcGIS Environment Other things you need to know! ► A “ 4 isible” Layer ► A “Selected” Feature ► A “Selected” Graphic ► “Selected” Text ► An “Active” Layer ► An “Active” Window text

27. Unit One – GIS Concepts 27 Your turn… Chapter 1: Step 1 through 8

28. Unit One – GIS Concepts 28 Adding Data to the T.O.C. “Data Frame” “Layers”  To add a layer, use the “File” Menu or  Use the “Standard Tool Bar” icon (much easier!)  To add a data frame, use the “Insert” menu.

29. Unit One – GIS Concepts 29 Context Menus in the T.O.C. The T.O.C. - a prime functionality resource. You will use these functions in the Unit One exercise. ► Right-clicking the “Active Layer” or “Dataframe” opens a major portion of ArcMap functionality. ► ArcGIS relies heavily on the “Context Menu” – right click from just about anywhere to get one.

30. Unit One – GIS Concepts 30 Symbology Shortcuts in the T.O.C. Change Legend from the TOC symbol Get this when you Right Click Get this when you Right Click Get this when you Left Click Get this when you Left Click Click the symbol – not the name. This works ANYWHERE you see a legend symbol

31. Unit One – GIS Concepts 31 Your turn… Chapter 1: Step 9 through 15

32. Unit One – GIS Concepts 32 Zooming and Panning Zooming changes the “Scale” Scale Box Scale Box:  Reports the scale of the Display Area  You can type in any scale here and “ENTER” Large Scale:  Hi level of detail  Lo scale number  Small area Small Scale:  Lo level of detail  Hi scale number  Large area

33. Unit One – GIS Concepts 33 Zooming and Panning The “Tools Tool Bar” Zoom and pan tools for navigating the “View Display Area”.  “Zoom Extents” Zoomed to the “Full Extent” of the largest data set (State of NH)

34. Unit One – GIS Concepts 34 Zooming and Panning  Right-click an Active Layer  Select “Zoom to Layer” Zoom to the extent of any layer.

35. Unit One – GIS Concepts 35 Zooming and Panning Other zoom and pan tools are easily understood, and their functions are typical. Select, then click & drag to zoom to a box IncrementalZoom (step in, step out) step out) Zoom Buffer: remembers last extents (last, next) Zoom to “Full Extents” …and the Panning tool – lets you “grab” the Display Area and pan it in any direction.

36. Unit One – GIS Concepts 36 Zooming and Panning ► “ Overview” window ► “Magnify” window Two new features in ArcGIS are the only two windows listed in the Window menu: Red hashed box

37. Unit One – GIS Concepts 37 Your turn… Chapter 1: Step 16 through END