1. NorthStar Basic /Low Intermediate Reading / Writing Unit 4: Save the Elephants Prepared by: Azza Khattab Omar

2. The main idea of the unit Some animals are extinct ( they no more live on earth). Some are endangered ( face the danger of being extinct). And some are not in danger. Some animals are extinct ( they no more live on earth). Some are endangered ( face the danger of being extinct). And some are not in danger. We should try to protect the endangered species. We should stop logging companies from cutting down trees, which are the homes of some birds such as the northern spotted owls. We should try to protect the endangered species. We should stop logging companies from cutting down trees, which are the homes of some birds such as the northern spotted owls.

3. Different opinions A lot of people are against loggers and hunters because they endanger the lives of some species such as the grizzly bear, the elephant and the tiger. People believe that loggers and hunters should be stopped and prevented from cutting more trees or killing animals. A lot of people are against loggers and hunters because they endanger the lives of some species such as the grizzly bear, the elephant and the tiger. People believe that loggers and hunters should be stopped and prevented from cutting more trees or killing animals. Loggers and hunters have a different point of view. They think that they should do their jobs in order to provide their families with the needed expenses for living. Loggers and hunters have a different point of view. They think that they should do their jobs in order to provide their families with the needed expenses for living. Some people think that governments should advise loggers and hunters to stop endangering animals. They think that governments should help those people find other jobs to earn their living. Some people think that governments should advise loggers and hunters to stop endangering animals. They think that governments should help those people find other jobs to earn their living.

4. Vocabulary Native (adj): describes plants and animals Native (adj): describes plants and animals which grow naturally in a place which grow naturally in a place Wild (adj): a wild animal or plant lives or grows on its Wild (adj): a wild animal or plant lives or grows on its own in natural conditions and is not raised by own in natural conditions and is not raised by humans humans Ivory (n) : the yellowish-white bone that an elephant’s tusks are Ivory (n) : the yellowish-white bone that an elephant’s tusks are made of made of Donation (n): when money or goods are given to help a person or Donation (n): when money or goods are given to help a person or organization organization Illegal (adj) : against the law Illegal (adj) : against the law Loggers (n) : people who work for logging companies / those who cut down Loggers (n) : people who work for logging companies / those who cut down trees trees Hunters (n) : people who hunt animals to get money by selling their skins Hunters (n) : people who hunt animals to get money by selling their skins or fur or fur Convince (v) : to persuade someone or make them certain Convince (v) : to persuade someone or make them certain

5. More Vocabulary Protect (v) : save from danger Protect (v) : save from danger Jewellery (n): such as gold or silver necklaces, earrings, rings…… Jewellery (n): such as gold or silver necklaces, earrings, rings…… Wildlife park (n): a park for wild animals where they are protected Wildlife park (n): a park for wild animals where they are protected Fund (n): a sum of money saved, collected or provided for a Fund (n): a sum of money saved, collected or provided for a particular purpose particular purpose By + a year : By 1907 By + a year : By 1907 Extinct (adj) : no more existing Extinct (adj) : no more existing Article (n) : a topic written about in a newspaper Article (n) : a topic written about in a newspaper Editor (n) : a person who is in charge of a newspaper or magazine: Editor (n) : a person who is in charge of a newspaper or magazine: Save (v) : keep safe from danger Save (v) : keep safe from danger Endangered (adj) : being in danger of becoming extinct Endangered (adj) : being in danger of becoming extinct

6. Letter Writing A letter has five parts: A letter has five parts: 1- date 1- date 2- opening 2- opening 3- body 3- body 4- closing 4- closing 5- signature 5- signature

7. The five parts of a letter The date: The date: is usually in the top right corner of the paper is usually in the top right corner of the paper Opening : a greeting : “ Dear….” and a comma Opening : a greeting : “ Dear….” and a comma Body : your message – one or more paragraphs Body : your message – one or more paragraphs Closing : such as “ All the best”, “Best Wishes”, Closing : such as “ All the best”, “Best Wishes”, “Yours truly”, “Sincerely” ….. “Yours truly”, “Sincerely” ….. Signature : your first name for people you know, Signature : your first name for people you know, your full name for other people your full name for other people

8. Personal and business letters Personal letters are those which you send to friends or people you already know. Personal letters are those which you send to friends or people you already know. 1-When you sign, write your first name 1-When you sign, write your first name 2-There is no need to write your name after the date. 2-There is no need to write your name after the date. Business letters are those sent to people for business reasons. Business letters are those sent to people for business reasons. 1-When you write a business letter, write your name and address after the date. 1-When you write a business letter, write your name and address after the date. 2-If you write to a person you know his / her name, write his / her name and title. If you don’t know the person, write “ To Whom It May Concern”. 2-If you write to a person you know his / her name, write his / her name and title. If you don’t know the person, write “ To Whom It May Concern”. 3-Use “ Sincerely” for the closing. 3-Use “ Sincerely” for the closing. 4- When signing, write your full name and job title. 4- When signing, write your full name and job title. 5- Business letters should be typed if possible. 5- Business letters should be typed if possible.

9. Grammar Wh-questions in the Simple Present Tense Wh words : Wh words : ( when / why / where/ who/ what / how / which ) ( when / why / where/ who/ what / how / which )Form: Wh word + do / does / is / are / am + subject + base verb ( if there are any)…? Where does she take her lessons? Why do you come late? When is the meeting? How are you today? Who am I to talk to ? What is your name?

10. Questions that ask about subjects: If you ask about a subject ( person / people), use “who” If you ask about a subject ( person / people), use “who” Maha speaks English fluently. Maha speaks English fluently. Who speaks English fluently? Who speaks English fluently? If you ask about a subject ( non person ), If you ask about a subject ( non person ), use “ what” use “ what” The lesson has three topics. The lesson has three topics. What has three topics? What has three topics?

11. Review Exercises Choose the correct answers: Choose the correct answers: 1- In a ………………letter the name and address comes at the top of the page. 1- In a ………………letter the name and address comes at the top of the page. a) friendly b) personal c) business d) congratulation a) friendly b) personal c) business d) congratulation 2- You write “ Dear” and the name of the person you are sending a letter to …………. 2- You write “ Dear” and the name of the person you are sending a letter to …………. a) to close the letter a) to close the letter b) to start the letter b) to start the letter c) in the middle of the letter c) in the middle of the letter d) before you sign your name. d) before you sign your name. 3- When you close a letter, you write…………………………. 3- When you close a letter, you write…………………………. a) Best wishes b) Sincerely c) Yours truly d) a, b and c a) Best wishes b) Sincerely c) Yours truly d) a, b and c 4- You write the date ………………………..of the letter 4- You write the date ………………………..of the letter a) in the bottom right corner a) in the bottom right corner b) in the top left corner b) in the top left corner c) in the bottom left corner c) in the bottom left corner d) in the top right corner d) in the top right corner 5- A ………….should follow a word or a phrase like “All the best”, “Yours truly”, 5- A ………….should follow a word or a phrase like “All the best”, “Yours truly”, “Dear Ms. Dahlia” or “Best wishes”. “Dear Ms. Dahlia” or “Best wishes”. a) period b) full stop c) question mark d) comma a) period b) full stop c) question mark d) comma

12. More Exercises 6- The main parts of a letter are ……………………….. 6- The main parts of a letter are ……………………….. a) the body and the end. a) the body and the end. b) the date, the opening, the body, the closing and the signature. b) the date, the opening, the body, the closing and the signature. c) the date, the address, the body and the signature. c) the date, the address, the body and the signature. d) the date, the person’s name, “ Dear” and “Sincerely”. d) the date, the person’s name, “ Dear” and “Sincerely”. 7- We use “Sincerely” for the ……………………. 7- We use “Sincerely” for the ……………………. a) opening of the letter b) closing of the letter a) opening of the letter b) closing of the letter c) middle of the letter d) top right corner of the letter c) middle of the letter d) top right corner of the letter 8- he / does / a / where / ride / bike ( Rearrange to form a question) 8- he / does / a / where / ride / bike ( Rearrange to form a question) a) Where he does ride a bike? a) Where he does ride a bike? b) Where does ride he a bike? b) Where does ride he a bike? c) Where does he ride a bike? c) Where does he ride a bike? d) Does he ride a bike where? d) Does he ride a bike where?

13. More Exercises 9- Who does give you a flower? ( Correct the mistake) 9- Who does give you a flower? ( Correct the mistake) a- Who give you a flower ? a- Who give you a flower ? b- Who gives you a flower? b- Who gives you a flower? c- What giving you a flower? c- What giving you a flower? d- Where gives you a flower? d- Where gives you a flower? 10- I need to write a letter to my friend. ( Ask about the underlined words) ( Ask about the underlined words) a- What you need to write to your friend? a- What you need to write to your friend? b- What does you need to write to your friend? b- What does you need to write to your friend? c- Who do you need to write to your friend? c- Who do you need to write to your friend? d- What do you need to write to your friend? d- What do you need to write to your friend?