1. Pushing the limits of IR …an update of new possibilities in CLS spectroscopy Ferenc Borondics CAP Meeting 2011, St. John’s, NL

2. “ The Canadian Light Source Location, location, location... “

3. The Mid IR beamline

4. SourceBending Magnet Energy range~200 – 8000 cm -1 (0.025 – 1 eV) Resolution~0.1 – 16 cm -1 Spot sizeDiffraction limited

5. Synchrotron advantage for Mid IR Globar (black body) Synchrotron

6. Microscopy… X-ray microscope Big objective Oil immersion objective NA = 0.65

7. Diffraction limited resolution. Not possible with regular sources. 2.46  m 3000 cm -1 2000 cm -1 1500 cm -1 2000 cm -1 Synchrotron RadiationGlobar Visible

8. Microscopy SR FPA imaging Reflection setup Time resolved measurements 4ns time resolution, Step/Scan bench Transmission Reflection Grazing Incidence ATR 64x64 element FPA, Hyperion 3000 Micro-PAS Low temperature …recent developments PEM for polarization NIR detection

9. Microscopy…plans for the future FIR microscopy extension – bolometer attachment In situ pressure measurement for high-pressure experiments Breaking the diffraction limit

10. Microscopy…plans for the future New beamline

11. Users – various fields Usage: 68% oversubscribed Biology: seeds, tissue sections, plant sciences, paleontology, environmental science 60% Chemistry: electrochemistry, fundamental food science, diamonds 15% Physics: solid state physics, geophysics, high-pressure superconductivity 15%

12. CE WE RE Flow Through Holes Kinetics: decrease RC time constant Small electrode size Need for SR Rosendahl SM; Borondics F; May T; Pedersen T; Burgess I, Anal. Chem. 83 (10), 3632-3639, 2011.

13. potentiostat Apply E rest DAQ Computer FTIR Microscope e-chem cell Apply E ref Get ready… Let’s roll! Apply E step Spectra Direct detector signal E cell /I Rosendahl SM; Borondics F; May T; Pedersen T; Burgess I, Anal. Chem. 83 (10), 3632-3639, 2011.

14. Results Fe(CN) 6 4- = Fe(CN) 6 3- + e- Fe(CN) 6 4- Fe(CN) 6 3- loss creation Rosendahl SM; Borondics F; May T; Pedersen T; Burgess I, Anal. Chem. 83 (10), 3632-3639, 2011.

15. http://www.physics.utoronto.ca/~kburch/ 20  m 42nm 160nm 110nm 100nm 10  m 20  m 13nm L.J. Sandilands et al., PRB 82, 064503 (2010) Bi 2 Sr 2 Ca 1-x Dy x Cu 2 O 8+δ x=0.3,0.4 Exfoliated superconductors Topological insulators

16. NbSe 2 Bi-2212MoS 2 Graphene 1m1m Exfoliation (Scotch tape-ing)

17. …another example (ALS)

18. Bilayer graphene

20. Thank you! Ferenc Borondics Mid IR beamline Canadian Light Source http://midir.lightsource.ca