1. Chapter 2: Ecology

2. What is Ecology?
The study of how organisms interact with each other and the environment
Humans have been students of ecology for a long time

3. Components of Ecology Ecology Includes: Species Interactions
Distribution and Abundance of organisms
Reactions  Adaptation
) ) ) ) ) )

4. 2 Factors Addressed by Ecologists
Abiotic (non-living)
Biotic
Can you think of some examples?

5. Ecological Niche Theory
Niche- An organisms role in its environment
Describes when, where, and how a species makes its living.

6. Classification of Species Interactions
Competition
Predation
Commensalism
Mutualism
Parasitism

7. Competition (-,-)
= One individual gets expense of another individual
Requirements
Limited Resources
Types
Interspecific Competition
Intraspecific Competition

8. Competitive Exclusion Principle
Paramecium caudatum
Paramecium aurelia

9. Competitive Exclusion Principle
(Gause 1934)
Two species cannot coexist if they occupy the same niche

10. Is Competitive Exclusion the Only Answer?
Resource Partitioning is another option
                                                                                                                                                                   
Robert MacArthur
MacArthur’s warblers (1958)
Left to right: Cape May, Yellow-rumped, Black-throated Green, Blackburnian, and Bay-breasted Warblers. Black areas in stylized conifers show where feeding is concentrated.

11. Predation (+,-) One organism kills and eats another organism **
Are deer predators?
** Note: this definition is different (better) than the definition in your textbook. Go with this one.

13. Commensalism (+,0)

14. Mutualism (+,+)

15. Parasitism (+,-)

16. Chapter 20: Ecosystems

17. What is an Ecosystem?

18. Food Web

19. _______________________________________________________________

20. Water Cycle

21. Carbon Cycle

22. Climate What causes the existence of different climates?
Are the terms “weather” and “climate” synonymous?

23. Earth’s Shape & Orbit Influence Climate
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24. Wind Patterns
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25. Rain Shadow
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26. _______________________________________________________________

27. Ocean Currents
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