2. Snails Salt marsh periwinkle, Littoraria irrorata sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk Found in salt marshes on Atlantic Coast Occur at high densities 100 ind/m 2

3. Snail Parts

4. Fungal Farming At low tide eat organic matter on sediment surface At high tide climb Spartina and feed on fungi U. S. Geological Survey. Photographer Ellen Raabe

5. Mechanics Snails create wounds (radulations) in Spartina leaves Silliman and Newell 2003

6. Mechanics Feed on infected leaf material Fertilize fungi with feces Silliman and Newell 2003

7. Mechanics

8. Predators The squareback marsh crab Atlantic mud crab Blue crab large fishes, birds and mammals