1. Geology 360 - Faults

2. Outline Fault components Slip verses separation Faulting styles Piercing points Calculating slip from piercing points Fault exercises

3. Kobe Earthquake Fault Rupture Museum

4. Fault Components Footwall Hanging wall Fault plane, fault surface Footwall Hanging wall

5. Slip verses Separation Pre-faulted blockFaulted blockEroded block Slip - actual relative displacement between two points that occupied the same location before faulting Separation - apparent relative displacement between two points that may have occupied the same location before faulting Slip Separation

6. Faulting Styles Normal Thrust Strike-slip Dip-slip Strike-slip

7. Faulting Styles Oblique-slip: a combination of dip-slip and strike-slip

8. Fault Exercises - Example Pre-faulted blockFaulted blockEroded block ??

9. Fault Exercises - Example Pre-faulted blockFaulted blockEroded block ??

10. Fault Exercises - Example Pre-faulted blockFaulted blockEroded block

11. Fault Exercises Study the examples in ia, ib, ic Fill in the beds in the remaining six diagrams keeping in mind the effects faulting and erosion

12. Example 2 ?? Pre-faulted blockFaulted blockEroded block

13. Example 2 ?? Pre-faulted blockFaulted blockEroded block

14. Example 2 Pre-faulted blockFaulted blockEroded block

15. Example 3 Pre-faulted blockFaulted blockEroded block ??

16. Example 3 Pre-faulted blockFaulted blockEroded block ??

17. Example 3 Pre-faulted blockFaulted blockEroded block

18. Example 4 Pre-faulted blockFaulted blockEroded block ??

19. Example 4 Pre-faulted blockFaulted blockEroded block ??

20. Example 4 Pre-faulted blockFaulted blockEroded block

21. Piercing Points

22. Calculating Slip A B Given: Position coordinates (x,y,z) in meters A (2, 3, 10) B (7,11, 3) Problem:Determine slip (trend, plunge, magnitude)

23. Calculating Slip XX Trend  X = (7-2) = 5 m  Y = (11-3) = 8 m M = (  X 2 +  Y 2 ) 0.5 = (5 2 +8 2 ) 0.5 = 9.4 m Magnitude = 9.4 m Tan  =  Y/  X  = Tan -1 (8/5)  = 58° Azimuth = 90°-58° = 032° Azimuth = 90°-58° = 032° YY A (2, 3, 10) B (7,11, 3)    x y N 0 

24. Plunge M = 9.4 m  Z = (10-3) = 7 m S = (  2 +  Z 2 ) 0.5 = (9.4 2 +7 2 ) 0.5 = 11.7 m Total slip [S] = 11.7 m Tan  =  Z/ M  = Tan -1 (7/9.4)  = 37° Plunge value = 37° Plunge value = 37° Solution: slip vector 37°,032°; 11.7 m magnitude Calculating Slip S ZZ    x z SW 0 NE 