2. IQ The most obvious systematic motions in the sky are the daily, or diurnal, changes caused by the Earth’s rotation. T F

3. IQ True! The Earth’s rotation causes the entire sky to appear to sweep from east to west once each day. This is (generally) the “fastest” motion we notice. The Earth’s rotation axis points at the north and south poles of the “celestial sphere.” The Earth’s equator projects to the equator of the celestial sphere.

4. IQ Solar eclipses can happen only near: A. New Moon B. Full Moon C. First quarter Moon D. Third quarter Moon

5. IQ A. New Moon is the correct answer! A solar eclipse occurs when the Sun is blocked by the Moon. This can only happen when the moon is between the Earth and the Sun, which is New Moon.

6. IQ Lunar eclipses can only happen at: A. New Moon B. First quarter C. Full Moon D. Third quarter

7. IQ C. Full Moon is correct. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Earth blocks the Sun’s light from the Moon. This can only happen when the Moon is opposite the Sun as seen from the Earth - that is, the Earth is between the Sun and Moon. That happens only at Full Moon!

8. IQ The Full Moon always rises at: A: Midnight B. Sunset C. Sunrise D. It is always in the sky

9. IQ B. Sunset is correct. The phases of the moon refer to the pattern of illumination on the hemisphere facing Earth. Full Moon occurs when the entire hemisphere is illuminated, which can only occur when the Moon is directly opposite the Sun as seen from the Earth. The full moon must rise just as the sun sets.

10. IQ Polaris (the North Star) just happens to be near the Earth’s rotation axis. T F

11. IQ The answer is True. Polaris just happens to be near the pole. As time progresses, the Earth’s precession will move the rotation axis away from Polaris.

12. IQ The sun appears in the zenith from Albuquerque: A. On the summer solstice B. On the winter solstice Only when the sun is farthest from the Earth Never!

13. IQ D. Never! The sun can appear directly overhead, in the zenith, only if one lives within 23.5° of the equator. The latitude of ABQ is 32°, so the sun can never be directly overhead.

14. IQ Astrology is a science. True False

15. IQ False is the correct answer. Astrology does not use the scientific method to verify its techniques and predictions. Principally because of the Earth’s precession, the constellations and sky signs of astrology no longer match the true positions of astronomical objects.