1. SAP: Ecuador Trip Proposal

2. Outline Geology of Ecuador Other interesting features Cost and logistics

3. Ecuador: A classic example of subduction Subduction of Nazca plate under South American plate Accretion of terranes Volcanism Metamorphism Pre-cambrian orogens Mineral deposits

4. Geology: Metamorphism Guamote formation: folded, banded black slates and quartzites Progressive metamorphism in El Oro Slump folds in turbidites Schists with incipient migmatic veins High- grade schists

5. More metamorphism Condue granite cut by felsite sheets with chilled margins Cerro Hermoso: folded carbonate series

6. Rift Valleys Quilotoa Intag

7. Volcanoes 12 volcanic peaks >5000 m Stratovolcanoes Compound volcanoes Calderas “Inverted soup bowl” and shield Some still active Some accessible w/o extensive climbing experience

8. Chimborazo: furthest point from the earth’s center

9. Cotopaxi: one of the highest active volcanoes in the world

10. Volcán Fernandina: “Inverted Soup Bowl” Unusual shield volcano morphology May result from distribution of vents or pattern of magma intrusion

11. Hot springs and páramos Glacier-formed valleys and plains unique neotropical ecosystem

12. Diverse Ecosystems...

13. ...and their inhabitants

14. Travel Round trip airfare = $600-$800/person Car rental: $50-$100 per day, depending on size Public bus = cheap Hire bus or van with driver -- find out Small country -- less time spent on the road

15. Food and lodging Accommodations cheap ($5-$15 per person per night) Food cheap ($1.50 - $5.00 per meal to eat out) Lots of great tropical fruits Some interesting local specialties

16. Health and Safety Politically stable and tranquil (for Latin America) No travel warnings or advisories Tourism infrastructure Some vaccinations recommended (yellow fever, Hep A, Hep B, typhoid) Medical care “adequate in larger cities” (US Dept. of State)

17. Local contacts Presence of mining = lots of geologists School for International Training INTAG newspaper Local and national environmental organizations Fluent in Spanish and familiar with the country