1. Slide 3.1 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 Chapter 3 Business Information Technology Lecture 1 Computer Hardware

2. Slide 3.2 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 Historical Development of Computing Technology Generations –first: mainframes, valves, assembly languages –second: transistors, high-level languages –third: integrated circuits, mini-computers –fourth: VLSI, microchips, microcomputers, desktop computers, notebook computers, hand-held devices

3. Slide 3.3 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 Hardware Functional components –input –central processing unit –secondary storage –output

4. Slide 3.4 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 Hardware (Continued) Figure 3.1 Functional components of a computer system

5. Slide 3.5 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 Input Devices, Media and Data Capture Methods Keyboard Multimedia input devices –digital camera, webcam, video capture, scanner, voice data entry Optical character recognition (OCR) Magnetic ink character recognition (MICR) Bar-code readers

6. Slide 3.6 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 Figure 3.2 Examples of optical character fonts: (a) OCR-A; (b) OCR-B Input Devices, Media and Data Capture Methods (Continued)

7. Slide 3.7 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 Optical mark readers Remote data entry using network technology Swipe cards and smart cards Touch screen Magnetic tapes and disks, optical disks and memory cards Selection of appropriate media –type, cost, speed, errors Input Devices, Media and Data Capture Methods (Continued)

8. Slide 3.8 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 Figure 3.3 Examples of magnetic ink character fonts: (a) E13B; (b) CMC7 Input Devices, Media and Data Capture Methods (Continued)

9. Slide 3.9 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 Secondary Storage Devices Purpose of secondary storage –permanent record –alternative to costly main memory –security –secondary input/output device Factors affecting choice –speed, capacity –cost, robustness

10. Slide 3.10 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 Secondary Storage Devices (Continued) Optical disks –CD-ROM –CD-R (Worm disk) –CD-RW –DVD

11. Slide 3.11 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 Optical disks Figure 3.6 Reading data from a CD-ROM Figure 3.7 Storage of 1s and 0s on optical media Secondary Storage Devices (Continued)

12. Slide 3.12 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 Magnetic disks –floppy disk –hard disk –exchangeable disk packs Magnetic tape –streaming –archiving Secondary Storage Devices (Continued)

13. Slide 3.13 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 Magnetic disksMagnetic tape Figure 3.8 A typical magnetic disk Figure 3.9 An exchangeable disk pack Secondary Storage Devices (Continued)

14. Slide 3.14 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 Output Devices Monitor LCD screen Voice output synthesizer Printers –laser –inkjet –dot-matrix –line printers

15. Slide 3.15 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 Output Devices (Continued) Computer output on microfilm/microfiche Output to magnetic disk/tape or optical disk Factors affecting selection: –type, cost, speed –quality, storage, environmental

16. Slide 3.16 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 Central Processing Unit Main memory –RAM and ROM Arithmetic and logic unit –registers Control unit –program execution Current issues in CPU design

17. Slide 3.17 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 Central Processing Unit (Continued) Figure 3.12 Part of a magnetic tape

18. Slide 3.18 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 Chapter 3 Business Information Technology Lecture 2 Computer Software

19. Slide 3.19 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 Types of Software Programs –systems software –applications software Applications –packages –office suites –tailored software Benefits and limitations

20. Slide 3.20 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 Operating Systems Handling input/output Backing store management Main memory management Job scheduling –multiprogramming, multiprocessing

21. Slide 3.21 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 Operating Systems (Continued) Figure 3.14 The components of the central processing unit

22. Slide 3.22 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 Programming Languages Machine code Assembly language High-level languages Language translation –interpreting vs. compiling Object oriented languages Scripting languages