1. Dual Fuel +
Hybrid System Selling

2. What will you know? What are Hybrid Systems? What is Balance Point?
What is Power Consumption?
What is Coefficient of Performance?
What Controls?
How to sell Hybrid Systems!

3. What will you be able to do?
Explain and configure Hybrid Systems
Determine Balance Points
Determine COPs
Estimate Power Consumption
Sell Hybrid Systems

4. What are you fixin’ to do?
Use Perf. Data and Program to determine Balance Point
Use Perf. Data and Program to determine COPs
Complete Power Consumption pages
Practice the “story”
GET TO WORK!!!

5. Furnace Operation HEAT Heat Loss = load in winter
Gas, Propane, Oil furnace replaces heat by fuel combustion
Output/capacity constant regardless of OD Temp.
HEAT

6. Heat Pump Operation Heat Loss = load in winter
Heat Pump replaces heat by transferring heat from outside
Output/capacity of HP reduces as OD Temp. drops
Air Conditioner in Reverse!

7. Air Conditioner Operation
HEAT
Evaporator Coil absorbs heat from the ID air as liquid refrigerant evaporates
Condenser Coil releases heat into the OD air as refrigerant gas condenses into liquid

8. Heat Pump Operation HEAT
Condenser Coil releases heat into the ID air as refrigerant gas condenses into liquid
Evaporator Coil absorbs heat from the OD air as liquid refrigerant evaporates

9. Heat Pump Capacity
As the OD Temperature drops, the heating capacity of a heat pump drops.

10. Heat Pump Defrost Cycles
Defrost Cycles are factored into heat pump performance data.

11. Manual J – Residential Load Calculation (Version-7)
“The design heat loss must be calculated for the winter outdoor design temperature. Because the maximum heat loss occurs during the early morning hours, before sun rise and at a time of occupant inactivity, the heat gains due to solar radiation and internal heat gains are not considered in the heat loss calculation.”
The furnace/heat pump is selected for the coldest day of the year!
What about the other days???

12. Heat Loss = Linear
As the OD Temperature DROPS, the heat loss INCREASES and vice versa!

13. Balance Point
The lowest OD Temperature at which the heat pump can supply 100% of the heating required for the space.

14. Manual J: Version 7
“The design heat loss must be calculated for the winter outdoor design temperature. Because the maximum heat loss occurs during the early morning hours, before sun rise and at a time of occupant inactivity, the heat gains due to solar radiation and internal heat gains are not considered in the heat loss calculation.”
The Balance Point might be LOWER than you think!

15. Power Consumption $$ Heat Loss in Btus
Calculate cost to replace Heat Loss in Btus - $$$
Need weather data
Need efficiency of equipment
Need Btus of heat per unit of fuel
Need “Correction Factor" $$

16. Weather Data “Bin Data”

17. Equipment Efficiency AFUE for Furnaces
80% or 90% Gas Furnace
80% Oil Furnace
Coefficient of Performance for Heat Pumps – COP = (efficiency at a specific condition)
will vary with OD Temperature!!!

18. Btu Outputs for Fuels Natural Gas = 100,000 Btu per “Therm.”
(100 Cubic Feet of Gas - CCF’s)
Propane = 91,500 Btu per Gallon
Oil = 130,000 Btu per Gallon
Electric = Btus per Watt
3,413 Btus per Kilowatt (Kw)
( Kw = 1,000 watts )

19. Coefficient of Performance (efficiency at a specific condition)
1 Watt = Btus of heat
1 Kilowatt = 3,413 Btus of heat
Heat Pump Capacity & Heat Pump Power - Kw
Performance Data
COP at the Balance Point
(Heat Pump Capacity / Heat Pump Power - Kw)
3,413

20. “Correction Factor”
Correction Factor = adjustment applied to the number of heating load hours, given the effects of OD temperatures on structures and how these effects are delayed or diminished because of daily temperature changes – in other words, for the house to experience the full load effect of 32F (BtuH heat loss), the OD temperature must remain this low for quite a few hours. Normal daily ranges vary, which throws our calculations into disarray.
Recommend beginning with 70%

21. Furnace Power Consumption Variables
Heat Loss - Load Calculation
Heating Load Hours - Weather Data
Fuel cost per unit (therm/gallon) - $
Correction Factor
AFUE
Btus per unit of fuel (therm/gallon)
Methods from Manual J: Version 7 (Appendix A-3)

22. Furnace Power Consumption
Heat Loss - Load Calculation
Heating Load Hours - Weather Data
Fuel cost per unit (therm/gallon) - $
Correction Factor
AFUE
Btus per unit of fuel (therm/gallon)
Heat Loss x Heating Load Hours x Fuel Cost-unit x Correction Factor
AFUE x Btu Per Unit of Fuel

23. Heat Pump Power Consumption
Heat Loss - Load Calculation
Heating Load Hours - Weather Data
Electric cost per Kw - $
Correction Factor
COP
1 Kw = 3,413 Btus
Heat Loss x Heating Load Hours x Cost per Kw x Correction Factor
COP x 3,413

24. Furnace Example
43,651 x x x .70
.80 x 100,000
$91 estimated cost of operation for this temperature range over a year period.
Heat Loss at 20°F = 43,651 BtuH
Heat Load Hours = 298
$.80 per Therm. - Natural Gas
70% Correction Factor
XV80 Furnace - 80% AFUE

25. Heat Pump Example
21,825 x x x .70
2.8 x 3,413
$60 estimated cost of operation for this temperature range over a year period.
Heat Loss at 50°F = 21,825 BtuH
Heat Load Hours = 540
$.07 per KwH
70% Correction Factor
XL14i - COP = 2.8

26. Heating Power Consumption for Hybrid System

27. Power Consumption

28. Control is KEY! 2 stage controls
Dual Fuel applications & considerations
No more TAYPLUS!

29. 2 Furnaces in 1 + = 2 Stage Operation = Mild Winter Day Furnace
Winter Design
Temp. Furnace
2 Stage

30. 2 Stage + = Hybrid Operation = Mild Winter Day System Cold Winter Day
Hybrid System

31. GET TO WORK!!!
Skills & Practice.

32. What will you be able to do?
Explain and configure Hybrid Systems
Determine Balance Points
Determine COPs
Estimate Power Consumption
Sell Hybrid Systems
***Laptop computer required***