1. Climate

2. Weather The conditions in the atmosphere at any given time. Climate The average weather in an area over a period of time

3. Factors affecting Climate Latitude – Determines the amount of direct sun light an area will get and how air circulates

4. Factors affecting Climate Wind Currents 90 and 30 degrees away from the equator have areas of high pressure and are dry 60 degrees and 0 the equator have areas of low pressure and have more precipitation

5. Ocean Currents Cold currents Dry Climate Warm Currents Wetter climates Milder winters

6. Increase elevation Decrease temperature

7. Altitude Increase in altitude has the same affect as increasing latitude

8. Increase Elevation Increase Precip.

9. Seasons The tilt of the earth and how light hits the earth Distance from equator determine the seasons

10. Topography = Rain Shadow

11. Urban Build up Built up areas absorb and retain more heat from the sun They also produce heat as they consume energy

12. Volcanoes Volcanic dust and aerosols can reflect sun-light cooling the earth 1816 “Year with out a summer” Mt Tambour erupted CO2 and other green house gases can warm the Earth http://www.volcanoweather.owlinc.org/http://www.volcanoweather.owlinc.org

13. Green House Gasses Green house gasses absorb and trap heat in Earth’s atmosphere With out the green house effect the planet would be about -2 degrees F instead of about 59 degrees F. Water Vapor - evaporation CO 2 – comes from Combustion, respiration, decomposition (1) Methane- digestion of cellulose in cow and termite guts, swaps and dumps (25) N 2 O – Nitrous oxide, burning fossil fuels (296) CFCs- Refrigerants, solvents and propellants

14. Where do Greenhouse gases come from?