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A Challenging Time 1775-1815 By: 8-27 Group 1 By: 8-27 Group 1
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The Thirteen Colonies British Colonies in North America founded 1608-1732 Refers to 13 colonies that rebelled against British rule (1775) proclaim independence July 4 1776 First 13 States of U.S.A. New England Colonies= New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut Middle Colonies were New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware Southern Colonies were Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia British Colonies in North America founded 1608-1732 Refers to 13 colonies that rebelled against British rule (1775) proclaim independence July 4 1776 First 13 States of U.S.A. New England Colonies= New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut Middle Colonies were New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware Southern Colonies were Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia
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Sugar Act of 1764 Revenue-raising act Forced taxes to be put on imported goods such as sugar Officers were allowed to seize goods from smugglers without going to court This angered colonists, some of which boycotted sugar The act made the British upset with how things were run Helped start the American Revolution Revenue-raising act Forced taxes to be put on imported goods such as sugar Officers were allowed to seize goods from smugglers without going to court This angered colonists, some of which boycotted sugar The act made the British upset with how things were run Helped start the American Revolution
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Stamp Act of 1765 Passed by British Parliament, March 22, 1765 All newspapers and legal documents had to have a stamp on it Ranged from one cent to a few dollars Merchants didn’t trade for British goods, tax collectors were terrorized Ended in 1766 Passed by British Parliament, March 22, 1765 All newspapers and legal documents had to have a stamp on it Ranged from one cent to a few dollars Merchants didn’t trade for British goods, tax collectors were terrorized Ended in 1766
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Townshend Acts - 1767 Passed June 29, 1767 Passed by British Parliament Placed tax on common products, like lead, glass, paper, paint and tea Proposed by/ named after Charles Townshend Non-importation agreement between colonial merchants cut British imports by almost two- thirds The act was one of events to cause American Revolution, impacted Canada Passed June 29, 1767 Passed by British Parliament Placed tax on common products, like lead, glass, paper, paint and tea Proposed by/ named after Charles Townshend Non-importation agreement between colonial merchants cut British imports by almost two- thirds The act was one of events to cause American Revolution, impacted Canada
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1773- Tea Act (Boston Tea Party) East India Company sole right to ship/ sell tea in North America (given monopoly) North American shippers/shopkeepers impacted, could not sell tea Act caused the Boston Tea Party 40-50 Bostonians dressed like Natives, dumped 3 boatloads tea from British ships into the harbour The Tea Act partially caused the American Revolution, had a great affect on Canada Colonists from the 13 Colonies invaded Quebec, failed, keeping British North America out of the American Revolution East India Company sole right to ship/ sell tea in North America (given monopoly) North American shippers/shopkeepers impacted, could not sell tea Act caused the Boston Tea Party 40-50 Bostonians dressed like Natives, dumped 3 boatloads tea from British ships into the harbour The Tea Act partially caused the American Revolution, had a great affect on Canada Colonists from the 13 Colonies invaded Quebec, failed, keeping British North America out of the American Revolution
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The Intolerable Acts - 1774 The Boston Port Bill - June 1,1774 Closed Boston Harbour to all but British until tea paid The Quartering Act - March 24, 1765 King sent troops to Boston, food/ shelter provided by threatened colonists The Administration of Justice Act- May 20, 1774 British officials not tried for crimes in colonial courts, British free to do what want to colonies/ colonists Massachusetts Government Act- May 20, 1774 British gov’t ruled town meetings, no self gov’t (Boston) The Quebec Act - May 20, 1774 Bill to Canadian Borders in attempt to stop colonists expanding west Cut off western colonies (Connecticut, Massachusetts and Virginia) Quebec biggest piece of land (Ohio Territory) The Boston Port Bill - June 1,1774 Closed Boston Harbour to all but British until tea paid The Quartering Act - March 24, 1765 King sent troops to Boston, food/ shelter provided by threatened colonists The Administration of Justice Act- May 20, 1774 British officials not tried for crimes in colonial courts, British free to do what want to colonies/ colonists Massachusetts Government Act- May 20, 1774 British gov’t ruled town meetings, no self gov’t (Boston) The Quebec Act - May 20, 1774 Bill to Canadian Borders in attempt to stop colonists expanding west Cut off western colonies (Connecticut, Massachusetts and Virginia) Quebec biggest piece of land (Ohio Territory)
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Taxation Without Representation Saying from 1763-1775 Being taxed by the government without any benefit or representatives in the British Parliament to speak for you Taxes were in place to pay for the British Army Angered the colonists Saying from 1763-1775 Being taxed by the government without any benefit or representatives in the British Parliament to speak for you Taxes were in place to pay for the British Army Angered the colonists
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American Revolution & The Refugees American Revolution was events that resulted in the formation of United Stated of America American Revolutionary War (War of Independence) lasted from 1775-1783 The Thirteen Colonies fought the British in attempt to be a new independent nation Declared their independence as a new nation, the United States of America, in 1776 Americans attacked Quebec City on New Years Eve, 1775 Canadians and British fought together and were united Refugees of the American Revolution went to Acadian land in 1762 (News Brunswick) American Revolution was events that resulted in the formation of United Stated of America American Revolutionary War (War of Independence) lasted from 1775-1783 The Thirteen Colonies fought the British in attempt to be a new independent nation Declared their independence as a new nation, the United States of America, in 1776 Americans attacked Quebec City on New Years Eve, 1775 Canadians and British fought together and were united Refugees of the American Revolution went to Acadian land in 1762 (News Brunswick)
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The Constitutional Act of 1791 In effect December 26, 1791 Passed to meet demands of loyalists and give inhabitants of Quebec the same rights as British subjects in North America Separated Upper Canada and Lower Canada, gave them their our legislative assemblies Ensured constitutional changes that were part of the reorganization of British North America In effect December 26, 1791 Passed to meet demands of loyalists and give inhabitants of Quebec the same rights as British subjects in North America Separated Upper Canada and Lower Canada, gave them their our legislative assemblies Ensured constitutional changes that were part of the reorganization of British North America
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War of 1812 June 1812 - December 1814 (treaty of Ghent) The American Army entered Upper canada in July 1812 with many troops Battle of New Orleans occurred after the peace treaty because of poor communication Discouraged American immigration to British North America Stabilized the border at 49˚ Britain began to respect the United States as a separate nation United the French and English June 1812 - December 1814 (treaty of Ghent) The American Army entered Upper canada in July 1812 with many troops Battle of New Orleans occurred after the peace treaty because of poor communication Discouraged American immigration to British North America Stabilized the border at 49˚ Britain began to respect the United States as a separate nation United the French and English
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The Loyalists (Tories) Loyalists were those born/ living in American Colonies during Revolution Loyalist supported Britain for many reasons Loyalists are part of Canada now Maritime provinces home for loyalists 2000 moved to present day Quebec Loyalists were those born/ living in American Colonies during Revolution Loyalist supported Britain for many reasons Loyalists are part of Canada now Maritime provinces home for loyalists 2000 moved to present day Quebec
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Migration Northward Loyalists migrated not by choice Didn’t want to become American citizens or contribute to the British for their public support Migration Controlled and assisted Some settled in Halifax, Shelburne, and St. John River valley Helped develop cities in Canada today Loyalists migrated not by choice Didn’t want to become American citizens or contribute to the British for their public support Migration Controlled and assisted Some settled in Halifax, Shelburne, and St. John River valley Helped develop cities in Canada today
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British Colony of New Brunswick Created in 1784 Loyalists wanted the new colony, felt they were too far away from the capital in Halifax The British Government agreed Not as difficult to control Developed a representative government two years after being formed Created in 1784 Loyalists wanted the new colony, felt they were too far away from the capital in Halifax The British Government agreed Not as difficult to control Developed a representative government two years after being formed
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Captain James Cook 1755 joined Great Britain’s Royal Navy, expert navigator One of 1st sea captains to find scurvy cure Sailed farther south than anyone Helped open up Western Canada for settlement 1755 joined Great Britain’s Royal Navy, expert navigator One of 1st sea captains to find scurvy cure Sailed farther south than anyone Helped open up Western Canada for settlement
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Captain George Vancouver Explored and mapped the pacific coast Was trying to get info on the Northwest passage Met Spanish Commander Bodega y Quadra Arranged for a transfer of Spanish Territory to Britain Gave control of the west coast fur trade to the British Explored and mapped the pacific coast Was trying to get info on the Northwest passage Met Spanish Commander Bodega y Quadra Arranged for a transfer of Spanish Territory to Britain Gave control of the west coast fur trade to the British
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Simon Fraser Founding Father of British Columbia Did major exploration on North America First to build first trading posts west of rocky Mountains Established the modern day forts of Fort McLeod, Fort Frasier, Fort St. James, and Fort George Founding Father of British Columbia Did major exploration on North America First to build first trading posts west of rocky Mountains Established the modern day forts of Fort McLeod, Fort Frasier, Fort St. James, and Fort George
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David Thompson British surveyor, map-maker, fur trader, explorer Moved to Canada in 1784 to apprentice Hudson’s Bay Company (surveyor) Most important geographer in history of North America Mapped almost 4.5 million km 2 He discovered passage through the continental divide, allowed populating of British Columbia British surveyor, map-maker, fur trader, explorer Moved to Canada in 1784 to apprentice Hudson’s Bay Company (surveyor) Most important geographer in history of North America Mapped almost 4.5 million km 2 He discovered passage through the continental divide, allowed populating of British Columbia
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References Clark/ McKay(1992). Canada Revisited. Arnold Publishing Ltd. Add Tea Act (1773); Tea Party Too: Retrieved May 29/07 from the internet: http://ngeorgie.com/revolution/amrev5a.html http://ngeorgie.com/revolution/amrev5a.html Colonial America Tea Act May 10, 1773. Retrieved May 29/07 from the internet: http://www.u-s- history.com/pages/h1248.htmlhttp://www.u-s- history.com/pages/h1248.html Taking Action. Retrieved May 31/07 from the internet: http://library.thinkquest.org/TQO312848/inacts.htm http://library.thinkquest.org/TQO312848/inacts.htm Wikipedia(2007). James Cook. Retrieved June 1/07 from the internet: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Cookhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Cook U.S. Department of State(unknown). Taxation Without Representation. Retrieved June 2/07 from the internet: http://countrystudies.us/united-states/history-22.htm http://countrystudies.us/united-states/history-22.htm Applied History Research Group of the U of C(2001). Migration North. Retrieved May 30/07 from the internet: http://www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tutor/migrations /two2b.html http://www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tutor/migrations /two2b.html Online Highways(2005). Taxation Without Representation. Retrieved June 1/07 from the internet: http://www.u-s- history.com/pages/h640.htmlhttp://www.u-s- history.com/pages/h640.html Clark/ McKay(1992). Canada Revisited. Arnold Publishing Ltd. Add Tea Act (1773); Tea Party Too: Retrieved May 29/07 from the internet: http://ngeorgie.com/revolution/amrev5a.html http://ngeorgie.com/revolution/amrev5a.html Colonial America Tea Act May 10, 1773. Retrieved May 29/07 from the internet: http://www.u-s- history.com/pages/h1248.htmlhttp://www.u-s- history.com/pages/h1248.html Taking Action. Retrieved May 31/07 from the internet: http://library.thinkquest.org/TQO312848/inacts.htm http://library.thinkquest.org/TQO312848/inacts.htm Wikipedia(2007). James Cook. Retrieved June 1/07 from the internet: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Cookhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Cook U.S. Department of State(unknown). Taxation Without Representation. Retrieved June 2/07 from the internet: http://countrystudies.us/united-states/history-22.htm http://countrystudies.us/united-states/history-22.htm Applied History Research Group of the U of C(2001). Migration North. Retrieved May 30/07 from the internet: http://www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tutor/migrations /two2b.html http://www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tutor/migrations /two2b.html Online Highways(2005). Taxation Without Representation. Retrieved June 1/07 from the internet: http://www.u-s- history.com/pages/h640.htmlhttp://www.u-s- history.com/pages/h640.html
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