1. Alpine scenario: La Fouly Susana Fernandez Vidal EPFL - EFLUM

2. Rationales and Goals of the monitoring 1. Generation and acquisition of data which describes hazardous scenarios in the Swiss Alps 2. Studying and analyzing environmental processes that might trigger hazardous scenarios, such as floods, debris-flows and landslides 3. Assessing the impact of spatial variability related to meteorological and soil characteristics, on catchment hydrology 4. Characterizing the soil more in detail to improve soil moisture modeling 5. Hydrograph separation: snow and ice melt, rainfall-runoff, groundwater drainage 6. Improve hydrological modeling using a 3D-physically based model 7. Study of the slope winds

3. La Fouly Catchment area = 20 Km 2 Zmin = 1785 m, Zmax = 3238 m Gd ST-Bernard Italy N

4. LAYOUT OF THE STATIONS 2010 16 SENSORSCOPE STATIONS Master station MAXBOTIX: Water level http://sensorscope.epfl.ch/climaps/

5. EACH STATION MEASURES: ACCUMULATED RAIN WIND SPEED & WIND DIRECTION INCOMING SHORTWAVE RADIATION SKIN TEMPERATURE AIR TEMPERATURE RELATIVE HUMIDITY SOIL MOISTURE SOIL TEMPERATURE SOIL SUCTION

6. Water level : Pressure transducer Maxbotix (ultrasound) WATER LEVEL & DISCHARGE Discharge measurements: Salt dilution method (Sommer) STAGE-DISCHARGE RELATION

7. ~ 1 km ~ 10 m Surface energy balance Profiles of turbulent fluxes Atmospheric profiles Sensorscope stations Slope Winds at La Fouly

8. ISOTOPE APPLICATIONS IN CATCHMENT HYDROLOGY To answer to questions like: - Where water goes when it rains? - What pathways it takes to the stream? - How long water resides in the catchment? Isotope information may be used to calibrate and test distributed rainfall-runoff models (GEOtop, ALpine3D) STABLE ISOTOPE ANALYSER (CAVITY RING DOWN) FOR 18 O/ 16 O & 2 H/ 1 H

9. Some results of La Fouly 2009

10. Discharge components: Stream Hydrograph separation Samples -River -Snow melt -Snow/ice from the glacier -Streams -Springs -Rain -Soil Catchment area = 20 Km 2 Zmin = 1785 m, Zmax = 3238 m Baseflow : The glacier

11. La Fouly – field campaign 2009 Soil Data (18 th June – 29 th October) -20 cm -40 cm -60 cm -20 cm 1036 20 cm

12. Slope Winds at La Fouly

13. Day slope winds valley winds Night Katabatic WindsAnabatic Winds