1. IAI IAI Forum Denmark Course: IT in the Building Process IFC, a forthcoming standard for the exchange of product model data in the AEC-industry Jan Karlshøj CAD Manager,M.Sc,PhD Transportation and Tele, RAMBØLL

2. IAI IAI Forum Denmark IFC, presentation Jan Karlshøj –Employed at RAMBØLL since 2002 –... –Deputy chair IAI Council Course –IT-history –ProjectWeb –Computer Graphics –Multimedia tools –Product Models –Databases

3. IAI IAI Forum Denmark IFC, what is IAI about? Vision –To enable software interoperability in the AEC/FM industry. Mission –To provide a universal basis for process improvement and information sharing in the construction and facilities management industries. Deliverables –The key deliverable of the IAI is the IFC Object Model. The term ‘model’ in this case means that it provides a formal specification of requirements which can then be used by software authors to create the IFC compliant software applications.

4. IAI IAI Forum Denmark IFC, who are participating? Global AEC/FM professionals Software companies Research Institutes Governmental supported development programs List: Graphisoft, Autodesk, Nemetschek, Microsoft, HOK, Kajima, London Underground, LBNL, Stanford... 600 members Vera, IT och Fastighed, Corenet, Construction Research Center,,,

5. IAI IAI Forum Denmark IFC based exchange IFC

6. IAI IAI Forum Denmark IFC, what is IAI about ? From Details ToVision

7. IAI IAI Forum Denmark IFC-modellens dækningsgrad IFC does not standardize data structures in individual tasks, only the shared information 3D Modelling Visualisation Architectural Design Structural Design HVAC Design Building Services Equipment Maintenance Marketing Facility Maintenance Sale and rental activities Property Management Repair and Renovation IFC-model

8. IAI IAI Forum Denmark IFC, how is IFC structured? ISO/PAS 16739

9. IAI IAI Forum Denmark IFC, how is IFC developed?

10. IAI IAI Forum Denmark IFC, how is IFC developed?

11. IAI IAI Forum Denmark IFC, how is IFC developed?

12. IAI IAI Forum Denmark IFC, what can IFC do? Shape (explicit) Shape (extrusions) beams, columns, pipes, ducts, conduit, walls, etc. Shape (topology) line representations for pipe, duct, structural, etc. Building Elements wall, door, window, roof, stairs, etc. Jeff Wix, IFC2x2 Foundation for AEC/FM HVAC Equipment chillers, fans, pumps, boilers, coils, cooling towers, heaters, heat exchangers, etc..

13. IAI IAI Forum Denmark IFC, what can IFC do? Relations Between Elements holes, chases, voids, zones Furniture inc. system furniture Electrical Elements transformers, motors, generators, switches, protective devices, power and communication outlets panels, cubicles Fire Protection Elements sprinklers, hose reels, hydrants, wet/dry rising mains Sanitary Elements WC’s, urinals, baths, bidets, traps gulleys

14. IAI IAI Forum Denmark IFC, what can IFC do? Space and Space Structure space, building storey, building part, building, site Zones, compartments fire, workstation Systems piping, ducting, cable, structural Lighting rendering and lighting, light sources, rendering material reflections and textures Manholes manholes, inspection chambers, access chambers, meter chambers, valve chambers

15. IAI IAI Forum Denmark IFC, what can IFC do? Grids 2D/3D grid structures assignment of elements to grids Controls, Instruments sensor, actuator, controller, gauge, meter Structural Elements members, profiles, rebars, properties, joints, features, surface Structural analysis : structural members, boundary conditions, connections, supports, loads, etc. Draughting annotations on model space, line types, text, symbols, hatches, dimension lines

16. IAI IAI Forum Denmark IFC, what can IFC do? Environmental Impact embodied energy, CO2 Move Management Asset Management maintenance history, inventories Help request, action, permit, warranty, operation

17. IAI IAI Forum Denmark IFC, what can IFC do? Time Series time related events Constraints rules, specifications, requirements trigger conditions Holes and Bases holes, sleeves, packing, framing, upstands, vibration isolation Brackets and Fasteners brackets, drop rods, steel sections, bracket assemblies, screws, bolts etc.

18. IAI IAI Forum Denmark IFC, what can IFC do? 30 Actors people, organizations, org. structure, addresses Costing objects, cost planning, estimates, budgets Abcd afrgf aahds jhiuhg reeiuh Hfije ewku ijijij jhdfhb Work Plans and Schedules inc. nested schedules, resource allocation O/Nr A1263 2xAbcd £ 26 3xafrgf £ 42 1xaahds £685 4xjhiu £421 Orders work orders, change orders, purchase orders

19. IAI IAI Forum Denmark IFC, what can IFC do? O/Nr A1263 2xAbcd £ 26 3xafrgf £ 42 1xaahds £685 4xjhiu £421 Associated Documents Classification OCCS Uniclass External Data 2xAbcd £ 26 3xafrgf £ 42 1xaahds £685 4xjhiu £421 Connectivity services, structure, building

20. IAI IAI Forum Denmark IFC, how are they implemented? IFC Express definition from IAI Develop Toolkit Program Input Toolkit Map- ping Output Toolkit Map- ping Data i IFC format IFC Program Input Toolkit Output Toolkit IFC Program IFC Express definition

21. IAI IAI Forum Denmark IFC, how are they implemented? Program Input Toolkit Map- ping Data i IFC format IFC Express definition Input Toolkit Early binding Late binding IFC schema Map- ping Program Map- ping IFC schema Output Toolkit IFC schema IFC Output Toolkit IFC schema

22. IAI IAI Forum Denmark IFC, how are they implemented? Views IFC Schema View 1 View 2 View 3 IFC R1.5.1 CAD View IFC R2.0 Client briefing/space planning  Architectural design Architectural design  Quantities take off / cost estimation Architectural design  Thermal load calculations / HVAC system design HVAC design   Architectural design HVAC design  Quantities take off / cost estimating CAD View

23. IAI IAI Forum Denmark IFC, how are they implemented? Or via XML

24. IAI IAI Forum Denmark IFC2x – Certification View Definitions Coordination view BREPS Parametric Geometry Surface model (= open BREP) MappedRepresentations All subtypes of type ifcElement All subtypes of spacial structure for logical purpose Parameters Swept geometry Shape parameters of the elements Spaces with geometry BREP and open shell is always the fall back geometry GUID Representation of building service IFC2x Viewdefinitions www.iai.fhm.edu

25. IAI IAI Forum Denmark IFC2x – Certification View Definitions

26. IAI IAI Forum Denmark Bentley Triforma CAD for Architects DDSElectroPartner/ HVACPartner CAD for Electrical and HVAC Engineers G.E.M. Team Solutions IFC2x-Interface for Autodesk ADT IFC-Interface for CAD for Architects Graphisoft ArchiCAD CAD for Architects NemetschekAllplan 2003 (Allplan, Allplot, Allready, AllFEM, Allfa) CAD for Architects, Structural-, Civil- and HVAC- Engineers, Contractors and Facility Managers BCA Singapore / novaSPRINT e-Plan Checking Submission checking and control tool Olof Granlund BSPro/RIUSKA IFC middleware and energy simulation Solibri Model Checker Design Spell Checking VizeliaFacility on line VRML & CAD IFC-customized VRML viewer and CAD for facility managers YIT Cove Cost estimation ACTIVe3D IFC-Tree & Viewer Visualisation IFC2x – Certification

27. IAI IAI Forum Denmark Bentley Triforma CAD for Architects DDSElectroPartner/ HVACPartner CAD for Electrical and HVAC Engineers G.E.M. Team Solutions IFC2x-Interface for Autodesk ADT IFC-Interface for CAD for Architects Graphisoft ArchiCAD CAD for Architects NemetschekAllplan 2003 (Allplan, Allplot, Allready, AllFEM, Allfa) CAD for Architects, Structural-, Civil- and HVAC- Engineers, Contractors and Facility Managers BCA Singapore / novaSPRINT e-Plan Checking Submission checking and control tool Olof Granlund BSPro/RIUSKA IFC middleware and energy simulation Solibri Model Checker Design Spell Checking VizeliaFacility on line VRML & CAD IFC-customized VRML viewer and CAD for facility managers YIT Cove Cost estimation ACTIVe3D IFC-Tree & Viewer Visualisation Widespread fields of application

28. IAI IAI Forum Denmark FZK – Storey Viewer

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34. IAI IAI Forum Denmark IFC 2x2 Electrical model Snapshot from DDS Electro Partner

35. IAI IAI Forum Denmark IFC 2x2 Electrical model Snapshot from Nemetchek Allplan FT

36. IAI IAI Forum Denmark IFC 2x2 Electrical model Snapshot from Autodesk ADT

37. IAI IAI Forum Denmark IFC 2x2 Electrical model Snapshot from ArchiCad

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40. IAI IAI Forum Denmark Course: IT in the Building Process Product models in practice - based on the IFC pilot project in connection to DR's new headquarter in Ørestad Jan Karlshøj CAD Manager, M.Sc,PhD Building and Transportation and Tele, RAMBØLL

41. IAI IAI Forum Denmark Status of an IFC Pilot Project Is it possible to achieve the vision of a total interoperable IT-environment in a construction project by using IFC? –No –But what can be achieved, and what are the alternatives?Background I have been active in IAI since 1996, and chaired the International Technical Management Committee between July 1999 and July 2001

42. IAI IAI Forum Denmark What have been tested? Building –Part of segment 1 of the new headquarter for the Danish Broad- casting Cooperation 50,000 square meters –Total project 100,000 square meters 350 million US $ –Why this project Carl Bro participates in the project Scale matters Interesting project Too big ?

43. IAI IAI Forum Denmark What have been tested? Software –IFC 2.0 ArchiCAD Visio Solibri Model Checker RIUSKA Excel ConViewer –IFC 1.5.1 Architectural Desktop –Tools IFC Tree Viewer IFC to VRML converter Process –Used concurrently with the ordinary process Why? –I don’t want to sign legal contracts or to use IFC in full scale, before we have tested the new process with real data Exchange – Only by using IFC

44. IAI IAI Forum Denmark What have been tested? Type of objects: –Wall –Column –Beam –Slab –Window –Door Hierarchy –Site –Building –Floor –Space Roles But not –HVAC, electrical, structural model, requirements, financial information, maintenance etc.

45. IAI IAI Forum Denmark So, how did the tests go? Exchange –Many things worked Basic geometry Types Some attributes (Different concepts in different software product) –Basic limitations of the software Only handle bounding box geometry Only handle 2½D geometry Only handle spaces of the same storey

46. IAI IAI Forum Denmark So, how did the tests go? Limitations in IFC implementations –Support only specific views –Support only IFC import/export for some components –Do not support features in IFC like openings in slab (has anybody ever heard about an elevator or a pipe?) IFC ERROR: Kun åbninger i vægge understøttes på nuværende tidspunkt! IFC ERROR: At the moment only openings in walls are supported! IFC ERROR: Kun åbninger i vægge understøttes på nuværende tidspunkt! IFC ERROR: At the moment only openings in walls are supported!

47. IAI IAI Forum Denmark So, how did the tests go? One common building model? –Walls as one object per layer or one per wall –Some applications prefer ”tall” walls, whereas others only display walls on the storey they belong to –Again some applications support voids within a space, others do not One Building Model Domain specific Models ??

48. IAI IAI Forum Denmark So, how did the tests go? Reaction from software companies –From very good feedback –To very low of feedback Looks like the business model is very important in this matter

49. IAI IAI Forum Denmark So, how did the test go? Users –Find the people who understand the use of models, instead of traditional documents like: drawings and specifications –Willing to try a new approach –Be ready to be a beta tester

50. IAI IAI Forum Denmark Participants Active participants –Engineering College of Copenhagen –School of Architecture in Aarhus –Byggeinformatik –Carl Bro Advisory Group –Danish Broadcasting Cooperation –Cowi –Vilhelm Lauritzen, Architects –PLH, Architect Ministry of Education financed the work carried out by the College and Architectural school (50,000 US $

51. IAI IAI Forum Denmark Compared to the “real” project Status 2D CAD-drawings –in production: demand to use 2D-files Few CAD-models –3D geometry for parts of the model Simulations –CFD, Bsim, Radiance, GTStrudl But at lot of –Documents (Word and Excel) Few databases Start to use a common Document management system for approved documents Visualization –Cave at the construction site?

52. IAI IAI Forum Denmark Conclusion IFC goes beyond what is supported by most applications IFC can be used, but for a broader acceptance improvements have to be made –Implementation –Guidelines –Training material –(Model Extensions) One unified model can not fulfil all the requirements at the moment Data Management and legal aspects have to be investigated further

53. IAI IAI Forum Denmark Architectural Contest for Extension of Munich Main-Train-Station Current Situation: Junction of: 2 dead-end train- stations –36 Tracks 1 tunnel for city train 2 tunnels for underground

54. IAI IAI Forum Denmark Übersicht 1. UG Master Screen Floor # -1

55. IAI IAI Forum Denmark Drahtmodell Gesamt Wireframe-model Total View New approach of using IFC Reference-data for architectural contests provided as IFC2x Level of detailness moderate Moderate requirements on accuracy Participants can choose any the IFC-compliant CAD-software As IFC = standard => support of the idea by authorities

56. IAI IAI Forum Denmark Tunnel Section through Tunnels

57. IAI IAI Forum Denmark Trasse Section through track

58. IAI IAI Forum Denmark Übersicht 1. UG (Bild) Master Screen Floor # -1

59. IAI IAI Forum Denmark S II Unten View from underneatrh new 2. S-Bahn-Stammstrecke new 2. City-Train Main-Track

60. IAI IAI Forum Denmark Übergang U1/2 (Bild) Junction new 2. City-Train Main-Track to U1/2

61. IAI IAI Forum Denmark Ostaufgang (Bild) East-Exit

62. IAI IAI Forum Denmark Übergang U4/5 zu U 1/2 Junction U4/5 to U1/2

63. IAI IAI Forum Denmark IFC-2x Model Imported into Allplan 2003 IFC 2x - Model

64. IAI IAI Forum Denmark Erfaring fra Munchen Rasso Steinmann, Nemetschek The German Rail, the Bavarian Ministry for Economy and the City of Munich´brought out an invited competition. They entered new ground, as they provided together with the typical documentation also a 3D-model, which contains the existing situation as well as rough proposal for a solution. The task is, to design an extension of the Munich Main Train Station,because they are currently digging a second tube for the S-Bahn (=City Train). Munich public transport is about to collapse, and therefore the second tube is really needed. Obermeyer Planen + Beraten made the 3D-model with ADT4 and provided the data as an IFC2x-model. The competition participants, who are using Allplan, were able to read this huge model in some 15 minutes without any difficulties, and saved a lot of work, at least some 2 weeks, which they had to invest without this 3D model.

65. IAI IAI Forum Denmark Industry Foundation Classes Students are hereby invited to use the IFC specifications in their work, and take part in the development, testing and implementation of IFC. Thanks for listening ! www.iai-forum.dk www.iai-international.org http://www.blis-project.org/