1. Principles of Public Speaking AFL@NFU Fall, 2005 Nicole Huang

2. Public Speaking (1) What ’ s Public Speaking? a) Get ideas in public b) Share ideas with others c) Influence others

3. Public Speaking (2) The Need for Public Speaking? a) Help people succeed in all professions b) Vital means of civic engagement c) A form of empowerment

4. History of Public Speaking Q1 : Is public speaking a new subject like bio-engineering? Q2: When and where was the first known handbook on effective speech written? A: On papyrus in Egypt about 4500 years ago

5. Keep in Mind Principles of public speaking are derived from a long tradition and have been confirmed by a substantial body of research. The more you know about the principles, the more effective you ’ ll be in your speeches

6. Develop Critical Thinking Skills Assess the strengths and weakness of an argument Distinguish fact from opinion Judge the credibility of sources Assess the quality of evidence Discern the relationship among ideas

7. Conversation V.S. Public Speaking Similarities: Organize thoughts logically Tailor message to the audience Tell a story for maximum impact Adapt feedback from listeners

8. Conversation V.S. Public Speaking Differences: Highly Structured More Formal language 1. avoid slang; jargon; bad grammar 2. polish language Different method of delivery 1. avoid vocalized pauses; filter gap

9. Control Nervousness Reduce Speaking Anxiety Practice, experience Prepare, prepare & prepare Think positively Use visualization Notice nervousness is not visible Do Not to expect perfection

10. Elements of the Public Speaking Speaker Message Channel Listener Feedback Interference Situation

11. Public Speaking in a Multicultural World Cultural diversity Avoid ethnocentrism Adapt to listeners diverse cultural, racial, and ethnic backgrounds. Listeners need to avoid ethnocentrism

12. Key Terms in Chapter 1 Stage fright Adrenaline Positive nervousness Visualization Critical thinking Frame of reference Ethnocentrism

13. Sample Speeches with Commentary Introduction a.Getting the audience ’ s attention b.Revealing your topic Body a.Chronological (relate the events in the order) b.Topical methods (subdivides the speech topic into its natural, logical or conventional parts) Conclusion a.Let the audience know you are about to finish b.Reinforce the major theme of the speech

14. Sample Speech The Rare Phobia Speech pp.81

15. Sample Speech: Steady and True pp. 82

16. Commentary of your own: My Eye on the World Specific Purpose: Central Idea: Method of Organization: Introduction: Body: Conclusion: Delivery: