1. Chapter Nine Developing Teamwork
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2. Learning Objectives
Understand the leader’s role in a team-based organization.
Describe leader actions that foster teamwork.
Explain the potential contribution of outdoor training to the development of team leadership.
Describe how the leader-member exchange model contributes to an understanding of leadership.
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3. Teams, Teamwork, and Groups
A team is a work group that must rely on collaboration if each member is to experience the optimum success and achievement
Teamwork is done with an understanding and commitment to group goals on the part of all team members
All teams are groups, but not all groups are teams
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4. Roles of a Leader in the Team-Based Organization
Building trust and inspiring teamwork
Coaching team members and group members toward higher levels of performance
Facilitating and supporting team’s decisions
Expanding the team’s capabilities
Creating a team identity
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5. Roles of the Leader in the Team-Based Organization (cont’d)
Anticipating and influencing change
Inspiring the team toward higher levels of performance
Enabling and empowering group members to accomplish their work
Encouraging team members to eliminate low-value work
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6. 11 Leader Actions That Foster Teamwork (using own resources)
1. Defining the team’s mission
2. Establishing a climate of trust
3. Developing a norm of teamwork, including emotional intelligence
4. Emphasizing pride in being outstanding
5. Serving as a model of teamwork,6. including power sharing
6. Using a consensus leadership style
© 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

7. 11 Leader Actions That Foster Teamwork (cont’d)
7. Establishing urgency, demanding performance standards, and providing direction
8. Encouraging competition with another group
9. Encouraging the use of jargon
10.Minimizing micromanaging
11. Practicing e-leadership
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8. 6 Leader Actions Requiring Org. Structure or Policy
1. Designing physical structures that facilitate communication
2. Emphasizing group recognition and rewards
3. Initiating ritual and ceremony
4. Practicing open-book management
5. Selecting team-oriented members
6. Using technology that facilitates teamwork
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9. Open-Book Management
In open-book management every employee is trained, empowered, and motivated to understand and pursue the company’s business goals.
Employees become business partners and perceive themselves to be members of the same team.
© 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

10. Cooperation Theory
… a belief in cooperation and collaboration rather than competitiveness as a strategy for building teamwork.
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11. Outdoor Training and Team Development
Outdoor training is a form of learning by doing
Participants acquire leadership and teamwork skills by confronting physical challenges and exceeding self-imposed limitations
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12. Outdoor and Outside Training (cont’d)
Outward Bound is a well-known and popular organization that uses the wilderness as the classroom:
Kayaking, canoeing, sailing
Mountaineering, hiking, backpacking
Dog-sledding, horseback riding, cycling
Other programs are appearing: circus camp, gourmet cooking, paintball, scavenger hunts, charity work
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13. Evaluation of Outdoor Training
Pros include the perception that trust, cooperation, communication, self-confidence, and teamwork improve with outdoor training
Cons include the perception that team members revert to old behaviors over time, team members come and go, thereby diluting the experience for their group, and team members are sometimes exposed to harm or injury
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14. The Leader-Member Exchange Model (LMX)
Proposes that leaders develop unique work relationships with group members
Two subsets of employees result:
The in-group is given additional rewards, responsibility, and trust in exchange for their loyalty and performance
The out-group members are treated in accordance with a more formal understanding of leader-member relations
© 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

15. Figure 9-1 The Leader-Member Exchange Model
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16. Summary
Teamwork is an understanding of and commitment to group goals on the part of all group members
Leaders must occupy many roles and employ many strategies (actions) to be an effective team builder
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17. Summary (cont’d)
How leaders can improve teamwork include 1) actions using leaders’ own resources and 2) actions that rely on organizational structure or policy
Outdoor training is a popular experiential approach to enhance teamwork; however, opinions about its effectiveness are mixed
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18. Summary (cont’d)
According to the leader-member exchange model, leaders develop unique relationships with group members that result in an in-group and an out-group
The leader’s first impression of a group member’s competency plays an important role in placing that person into the in-group or the out-group
© 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.