1. Message Design and Content Creation 23 January 2007 Kathy E. Gill

2. Agenda Review: Nature of Design and Teams Overview : PM/UCD Team/Project Discussion Leaders Team exercise

3. 1. Nature of Design and Teams Is there anything about “design” or “teams” that you’d like to share?

4. 2. Overview: PM/UCD The Challenge One Possible Answer Benefits The Process Summary

5. The Challenge Only 28 percent of IT projects are delivered on schedule and within budget http://www.ciscoworldmagazine.com/opinionw/2001/08/23_itprojects.shtml Only one-sixth software projects completed on time and within budget http://www.stsc.hill.af.mil/crosstalk/1998/jul/causes.asp

6. The Challenge, cont’d One-third of complex software projects fail, costing U.S. companies $81 billion Cost overruns add another $59 billion Of the challenged or cancelled projects, the average was 189%over budget, 222% behind schedule and contained only 61% of the originally specified features http://www.stsc.hill.af.mil/crosstalk/1998/jul/causes.asp

7. Answering the Challenge Projects fail because “the system did not meet user needs” Enter: User-Centered Design  Central tenet: who is the audience?  Not a “step” but a “process”

8. Value for Investment $1 invested in usable software = $10-100 in benefits 80% of maintenance costs are due to unforeseen user requirements; only 20% due to failures

9. Relevance and Impact Productivity - People and Systems  Call-centers, e-commerce web sites User Perception  Tivo v Replay, VCR Plus Training Cost  Large component of new implementation Cost of Errors  Medical errors, airplane crashes

10. An Engineering Approach (1/3) Concept  Determine objectives – clearly identify audience(s) Basic Design  Functional specification (hardware, software, human); requirements; task analysis

11. An Engineering Approach (2/3) Interface Design  Apply empirical data, mathematical functions, experience, principles, population measures, and design standards Production  Integrate production requirements, test, and update

12. An Engineering Approach (3/3) Deployment  Investigate use, modify, evaluate Follow up  Procedures, product evolution

13. And Yet … The process is NOT linear! Nor is it a “waterfall” (a traditional software development process)

14. UCD: ISO 13407 Provides a clear understanding of the ‘context of use’: users, tasks and environment Iteration of design solutions using prototypes Active involvement of real users Multi-disciplinary design

15. Then Why Is It So Hard? No accepted/agreed-upon structure for web/digital media design teams No industry-wide standard for web project management Cross-functional teams have disparate working/communicating styles

16. Some Keys to Making UCD Work Have the right project manager  Organizes resources: team, equipment, $  Leads development of all deliverables : audience definition, functional spec, etc  Creates overall project plan  Ensures workflow works  Figures out how to stay in budget  Coordinates Communication

17. PM Resources Project Management Institute, www.pmi.org www.pmi.org Association for Project Management (UK), www.apm.org.uk www.apm.org.uk International Project Management Assn., www.ipma.ch www.ipma.ch

18. Steps (1/2) ID Goals (audience, client) Determine Stakeholders (define) Research Market (needs, competition, etc) ID Team Roles, Responsibilities

19. Steps (2/2) Create Project Workflow (w/milestones)  Creative Tasks  Technical Tasks  Admin Tasks  Marketing Tasks ID QA Concerns Manage Scope Creep!

20. Summary Good interface design enables increase in productivity, reduction in errors, and better user experience The key to good design is customer- focus

21. 3. Team/Project Review individual goals. Review possible projects Move someone from Team 3 to Team 1 and/or are the groupings still correct?

22. 4. Discussion Leaders There are only three members of Group 1 here … are you OK with leading discussion on standards? (I forgot to go over this with Group 1 last week – my bad!)

23. 5. Exercises Review website examples Also, eReserve (add document), Cingular (review phones) v Palm (review devices)

24. Next Week: Finalize Team, Project, Roles Task Identification