2. 331 Hours, 1 PhD, 1 Great (Old!) Friend

3. >The Impact of (“Less-than-Super”) Shells on Star-Forming Molecular Clouds >Alyssa A. Goodman >Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics >Carl’s Birthday Party >Arecibo, September 2004 >

4. Super & “Less-than-Super” Shells H-  emission,WHAM/SHASSA Surveys (see Finkbeiner 2003)

6. “Less-than-Super” Shells Super Shells (>>10 pc diameter) produced by SN(e), GRBs Drive ISM turbulence on large scales Trigger molecular cloud formation (and subsequent star formation)? “Less-than-Super” Shells (<10 pc diameter) from stellar winds/HII Regions Trigger star formation in extant molecular clouds? Help Marijke et al. create the added structures?

7. Barnard’s Ophiuchus

8. COMPLETE (Re)Discovery of a Heated Smoke Ring in Ophiuchus D. Li, A. Goodman, J. Li & S. Schnee 2004 2 pc

9. Alyssa A. Goodman, Principal Investigator (CfA) João Alves (ESO, Germany) Héctor Arce (Caltech) Paola Caselli (Arcetri, Italy) James DiFrancesco (HIA, Canada) Jonathan Foster (CfA, PhD Student) Mark Heyer (UMASS/FCRAO) Helen Kirk (HIA, Canada) Di Li (CfA) Doug Johnstone (HIA, Canada) Naomi Ridge (CfA) Scott Schnee (CfA, PhD student) Mario Tafalla (OAN, Spain) Tom Wilson (ESO, Germany) COMPLETE The COordinated Molecular Probe Line Extinction Thermal Emission Survey

10. Dust Column Density Dust Temperature Barnard’s Ophiuchus

11. Ionized Gas in the Ophiuchus Smoke Shell HH SII SHASSA Data courtesy of John Gaustad

12. Smoke Signals from Ophiuchus Heated Dust Ring Re-calibratedIRAS Dust Column Density Re-CalibratedIRAS DustTemperature ROSAT PSPC Region known as “  -Oph Cluster” In each panel where itis shon, thewhite ring shows a 2 pccircle, correspondingto the size and shape ofthe heatedring apparent in the IRAS Temperature Map. ROSAT PointedObservation Real  -Oph Cluster inside heated ring 1RXS J162554.5-233037 The star  -Oph and RXJ1625.5- 2326 from Goodman, Gaensler, Lada, Wolk & Schnee 2003/4 Chandra/XMM Proposals ?? 0.5 x 10 51 erg SN into 10 5 cm -3 2 pc in 200,000 yr T=38K v exp =1.7 km s -1 ??

13. Questions we can address: Which matters “most” inside what kind of molecular clouds: babys (YSOs), adults (O & B star winds), or ghosts (SNe)? What is the “expected” combination of these in a given region? (Spitzer key for this) How can we tell a wimpy SNR from a stellar wind? (X-rays (& You-Hua) key) So far: Ophiuchus Shell Paper: Li, D., Goodman, A., Li, J., Ridge, N. & Schnee, S. 2004, ApJ, in prep Perseus Shell Paper: Ridge, N., Goodman, A., Li, J. & Schnee, S. 2004, ApJ, in prep IRAS Re-analysis Method: Schnee, S., Goodman, A., Li, J. & Ridge, N. 2004, ApJ, in prep

14. COMPLETE Warm Dust Emission shows Great Bubble in Perseus ?? 2 x 10 51 erg SN into 10 4 cm -3 5 pc in 1 Myr T=30K v exp =1.5 km s -1 ??

15. Dust Density & Temperature in Perseus Total Dust Column (0 to 15 mag A V ) (Based on 60/100 microns) Dust Temperature (25 to 45 K) (Based on 60/100 microns)

16. Hot Source in a Warm Shell + = Column Density Temperature

17. IRAS N dust H-  emission,WHAM/SHASSA Surveys (see Finkbeiner 2003) HH 2MASS/NICER Extinction

18. Why “COMPLETE”? + = IRAS Column Density IRAS Temperature NICER Extinction Map Alves, Lombardi & Foster+ 2004 Schnee et al. 2004 Ridge et al. 2004

19. Why “COMPLETE”? + = IRAS Column Density IRAS Temperature NICER Extinction Map Alves, Lombardi & Foster+ 2004 Schnee et al. 2004 Ridge et al. 2004

20. Perseus IRAS + FCRAO (~100,000 13 CO Spectra)

21. Giving Carl’s ISM Students all they Need to do His Calculations Direct Imaging (X-ray, uv, optical, near-infrared) Continuum & Line Imaging (shows hot, excited shells) Extinction mapping (true column density) Thermal Emission from Dust (mid & far-infrared, sub-mm) Reveals (and is biased by) dust temperature Spectral-Line Mapping (radio) Reveals gas motion (+temperature & composition)

22. Barnard’s Perseus COMPLETE/IRAS N dust

23. Barnard’s Perseus IRAS: Dense+Cool; Dense+Warm; Tenuous+Warm Ridge et al. 2004; Schnee et al. 2004

24. “But what about the Magnetic Field?”

25. Polarization Goodman et al. 1990

26. Polarization

27. For the “Real” Molecular Cloud People… please Please Ask Me Later

28. Embracing the Confusion is The Key to Understanding conspiracies of chemical depletion, optical depth, excitation, T dust, T gas, “ ,” can be critically misleading (especially for gullible theorists)

29. Theory (Good Old Days) Observation (Now) Shu, Adams & Lizano 1987