1. Water and Seawater Chapter 3

2. Water Molecules

3. Water has three states ICE GAS WATER

4. Ice Floats

5. Water carries heat energy

6. Water is a powerful solvent.

7. Seawater

8. Oceans pick up dissolved solids from a variety of sources

9. A Niskin Bottle in action Seawater sampling

11. Red Sea Elevated Salinity

12. Atlantic Ocean at mouth of Amazon River Baltic Sea Low Salinities

13. Temperature, Salinity and Density

14. String of water bottles

15. A rosette of sampling bottles and other instruments

16. Water Column profile for temperature

17. 19 th Century Oceanography Chart from HMS Challenger Expedition

18. Satellite Imagery Ocean surface temperatures – easier than taking millions of Niskin samples (assuming you have satellite).

19. Seawater and Dissolved Gases

20. Oxygen Carbon dioxide Nitrogen

21. Pressure and water depth

23. Density and Ocean Layering

24. Water Column Profiles

25. Temperature profiles vary with latitude

26. Thermohaline Circulation

27. Three-layered ocean

28. Solar energy generate movement of air masses

29. Hadley Cells

30. Prevailing winds

31. Major oceanic surface currents

32. Thermohaline Circulation

33. Wave Structure

34. Wave structure

35. Tides

36. Grunion (Leuresthes tenuis)

37. Tides Two forces pull at the water

38. Tides

39. The Earth rotates through the bulges generated by centrifugal and gravitational forces

41. Tides Semidiurnal

42. Mixed Semidiurnal Tides

43. Diurnal Tides