1. Chapter 15-18: Classification of Organisms

2. Taxonomy Classification & naming of life Carolus (Carl) Linnaeus –Binomial nomenclature

3. Systematic Classification

4. Phylogenetics

5. The Kingdoms of Life Archaea EukaryaBacteria Archaea ProtistaBacteriaAnimaliaPlantaeFungi Before the creation of “domains” - 5 Kingdoms Now: - 3 Domains  6 Kingdoms ProtistaMoneraAnimaliaPlantaeFungi

6. Review of Prokaryotes Includes Archaea and Bacteria Lack nucleus Majority of DNA = single large ring Reproduce via binary fission Posses cell wall different from plants

7. Domain Bacteria Only a few bad apples Most abundant group of organisms

8. -Extreme environment (i.e., salt lakes, acidic hot springs, deep-sea hydrothermal vents) -More closely related to eukaryotes Domain Archaea

9. Prokaryotes help recycle chemicals and clean up the environment –Bioremediation Is the use of organisms to clean up pollution –Prokaryotes are decomposers in Sewage treatment and can clean up oil spills and toxic mine wastes Liquid wastes Outflow Rotating spray arm Rock bed coated with aerobic bacteria and fungi

10. Domain Eukarya Kingdoms - Protista - Fungi - Plantae - Animalia

11. Protista (Protists) First eukaryotes Most diverse kingdom Mostly unicellular Often grouped as: –Plant-like (algae) –Animal-like (protozoans) –Fungi-like (slime molds)

12. …Protists Practical uses –Diatoms = comet and toothpaste –Algae in ice cream and cosmetics –Sushi

13. Fungi Heterotrophic –Decomposers Chitin Cell Walls Multicellular Practical Uses –Penicillium –Yeast

15. Lichen

16. Plantae (Plants) = multicellular, autotrophic eukaryotes that contain cell walls made of cellulose –Usually Terrestrial –Sedentary –Indeterminate growth

19. Bryophytes (nonvascular plants) Mosses, hornworts, and liverworts No vascular tissue –Small bodied Obtain water and nutrients through osmosis and diffusion H 2 O required for fertilization

20. Vascular Tissue Function Xylem Phloem

21. Seedless Vascular Plants Ferns and club mosses Vascular tissue present –Larger size H 2 O required for fertilization

22. Seed Plants (Vascular) Dependent upon pollination Seed = embryo + food + protective coat –Dispersal –Dormancy –Germination –Nourishment Gymnosperms and Angiosperms

23. Gymnosperms Conifers

24. Angiosperms Most diverse and abundant plants Very efficient

26. Animalia (animals) Multicellular heterotrophs with no cell wall Active Movement Diverse in form and habitat Reproduce sexually Unique embryonic development and tissues

27. Kingdom Animalia Phlya: –Porifera –Cnidaria –Platyhelmenthes –Nematoda –Molluska –Annelida –Arthropoda –Echinodermata –Chordata

28. Phylum Porifera Add sponge diagram & pics

30. Phylum Cnidaria

31. Radial Symmetry

32. Cnidocytes

33. Phylum Platyhelmenthes

34. Bilateral Symmetry

35. Body Cavities - Acoelomate

36. Body Cavities - Pseudocoelomate

37. Body Cavities - Coelomate

38. Phylum Nematoda

39. Phylum Molluska

40. Mollusk Key Features

41. Phylum Annelida

42. Segmentation

43. Phylum Arthropoda

44. Arthropod Body Plan

45. Phylum Echinodermata

46. Phylum Chordata

47. Vertebrates