1. Bill White Lasers and Ultra-precise Timingb.white@slac.stanford.edu October 29, 2007 1 Lasers and Ultra-precise Timing Injector Laser and Commissioning Injector Laser review Commissioning Experience Updates to transport and controls Hand-off to operations Ultra-precise timing LBNL Collaboration Status NEH Laser Status

2. Bill White Lasers and Ultra-precise Timingb.white@slac.stanford.edu October 29, 2007 2 UV pulse goals 90-10 rise and fall times < 1 ps flat-top, < 8% peak-to peak IR to UV conversion efficiency > 10 %, 2.5 mJ output @ 255 nm 252-258 nm, < 2% energy stability 120 Hz, MTBF > 5000 hours Spatial Profile FWHM = 1.2 – 3.0 mm Temporal Profile FWHM = 10 ps (5-20 ps)

3. Bill White Lasers and Ultra-precise Timingb.white@slac.stanford.edu October 29, 2007 3 Transport Laser Bay Launch System Beam shaper Vacuum cell Zoom Transport tube Table in the tunnel Photocathode Virtual Cathode Steering system Active Steering Stabilization L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 Waveplate Polarizer Powermeter Camera Shutter

4. Bill White Lasers and Ultra-precise Timingb.white@slac.stanford.edu October 29, 2007 4 Accomplishments Great Up Time! 20 weeks of commissioning Three 8 hour downs – Hot swappable parts will be here before next run One 3 hour down – my fault 2 hours per week for locking problems 98% up time Solved spatial flutter problem – further improvement expected >500  J on Cathode – spec was 250 <1.5% rms stability – spec was 2%

5. Bill White Lasers and Ultra-precise Timingb.white@slac.stanford.edu October 29, 2007 5 Commissioning Issues Transport Tubes 10m long Hydro-carbons coating and damaging inside of windows when exposed to UV Dust inside tube settling on inside of windows – Damage and diffraction Will go to less expensive windows and on site pump so the windows can be replaced more quickly. Tubes cleaned last week

6. Bill White Lasers and Ultra-precise Timingb.white@slac.stanford.edu October 29, 2007 6 Commissioning Issues Oscillator Problems Picomotor translation stage instability Femtolase will replace Coarse control currently disabled/manual Phase ambiguity due to locking at 476MHz Impacts phasing of RF This oscillator does not self start mode-locking or RF locking Femtolase will replace this oscillator with an all new unit that should address all of these issues

7. Bill White Lasers and Ultra-precise Timingb.white@slac.stanford.edu October 29, 2007 7 New master oscillator from Femtolasers Narrower bandwidth requested to have higher spectral intensity and get a better seeding in the Regen (before FWHM = 30 nm) Crystal is sealed in airtight cavity to avoid contamination (no more weekly cleaning, endurance test made during 200 hours) Remote starting capability

8. Bill White Lasers and Ultra-precise Timingb.white@slac.stanford.edu October 29, 2007 8 New Femtolock driver for the oscillator Oscillator is first locked to 119 MHz and then to 476 MHz : no more 476 MHz bucket ambiguity. Lock button added to be lock always on the same bucket. RF- locking loop and lock button can be run remotely.

9. Bill White Lasers and Ultra-precise Timingb.white@slac.stanford.edu October 29, 2007 9 Jedi Pump Laser Failure of Q-switch driver We diagnosed. Thales rushed a board and technician to us. 3 Days lost Various chiller problems Now have local source of spares Began purchasing spares in November CR Delayed order placement Should receive in August Hot swappable spares Spare Jedis are installed and operational

10. Bill White Lasers and Ultra-precise Timingb.white@slac.stanford.edu October 29, 2007 10 Commissioning Issues Cross correlatorStreak Camera

11. Bill White Lasers and Ultra-precise Timingb.white@slac.stanford.edu October 29, 2007 11 Temporal Pulse Shaping The achieved temporal pulse shape meets physics requirements for the injector commissioning Plan to improve the temporal shape Replace the Lyot filter in the regen amplifier by the edge mirrors – this will reduce oscillations Continue working on the Dazzler settings and the optimum UV conversion crystals lengths Thales engineers are coming back in September to continue working on shaping Plan B – to use stacking of Gaussian pulses Design and parts for pulse stacking are in place

12. Bill White Lasers and Ultra-precise Timingb.white@slac.stanford.edu October 29, 2007 12 Temporal Pulse Shape - Now

13. Bill White Lasers and Ultra-precise Timingb.white@slac.stanford.edu October 29, 2007 13 GBS-UV H Commissioning Issues Newport aspheric telescope Converts Gaussian to flat-top Requires good Gaussian input Very sensitive to alignment Aperture is just as good and much simpler to align Allows flexibility Simplifies overall transport

14. Bill White Lasers and Ultra-precise Timingb.white@slac.stanford.edu October 29, 2007 14 Beam Attenuator Pulse Stacker Iris Wheel Zoom Telescope Insertable Power Meter Insertable Power Meter Active Steering Stabilization New Transport Layout UV Beam Output Vacuum Tube to Gun

15. Bill White Lasers and Ultra-precise Timingb.white@slac.stanford.edu October 29, 2007 15 Option of Focusing the Beam on the Cathode Transport tube Table in the tunnel Photocathode Steering system Active Steering Stabilization F4=F5=5000 F6=1500 L4 L5 L6 Shutter L Dave Removable Lens L Dave F=3m Z-adjustment of L6 changes the beam size on the cathode

16. Bill White Lasers and Ultra-precise Timingb.white@slac.stanford.edu October 29, 2007 16 No Major Changes to Vault Transport M5 L5 M4 L6M3 M2 VC Power Meter Cathode M1 C1 C2 UV plates for Cameras Cathode Cleaning Lens

17. Bill White Lasers and Ultra-precise Timingb.white@slac.stanford.edu October 29, 2007 17 Spares We do not have a complete hot swappable laser system. Two Spare Jedis, power supplies and chillers have been received and installed Millenia pump laser and spare chiller has been received and installed We believe all long lead items that could fail are now covered with spares

18. Bill White Lasers and Ultra-precise Timingb.white@slac.stanford.edu October 29, 2007 18 Future - Hand Over to Ops Now Develop procedures for laser Automate things that can and need to be automated August 07 Down Train Operations Group on typical Operation Procedures Hand off laser by Jan 08 Laser Group will support Ops Scheduled Maintenance Issues that arise outside of the typical operation envelope

19. Bill White Lasers and Ultra-precise Timingb.white@slac.stanford.edu October 29, 2007 19 Normal Operations The daily operation of the laser which, with the new transport system and oscillator, will be controlled from MCC. This will be the responsibility of the Accelerator Operations Department. Training of the operators, documented operating procedures as appropriate, and support during the transition will be the responsibility of the Laser Group. Operating procedures and documentation must conform to the document control policies of the Accelerator Operations Department. The Laser Group is responsible for ensuring that engineered protection systems are in place to ensure the safety of personnel and the protection of the equipment.

20. Bill White Lasers and Ultra-precise Timingb.white@slac.stanford.edu October 29, 2007 20 Daily or Shift-wise Parameter Logging: The Laser Group is responsible for developing control-system based facilities and software to monitor and record laser parameters as needed to support the efficient operation and maintenance of the laser systems. These facilities will function automatically as much as possible; however, some logging activities may require operator intervention on a daily or shift-by-shift basis. The Accelerator Operations Department staff will work with the Laser Group to develop efficient ways to achieve this.

21. Bill White Lasers and Ultra-precise Timingb.white@slac.stanford.edu October 29, 2007 21 Scheduled Maintenance: Maintenance of the laser and associated equipment will be the responsibility of the Laser Group who will work with the Accelerator Operations Department to develop policies and procedures that work for both groups, within the established ASD framework for coordinating accelerator maintenance activities.

22. Bill White Lasers and Ultra-precise Timingb.white@slac.stanford.edu October 29, 2007 22 Unscheduled Problems: This will be the responsibility of the Laser Group who will designate someone on call during commissioning shifts. The Laser Group will also provide the Accelerator Operations Department with a pager number and/or call list to expedite contact with a qualified laser person when a problem arises whenever the laser systems are scheduled to be operated. The information will be provided in the form of one or more pages that can be incorporated directly into the ASD Call-In Lists binder.

23. Bill White Lasers and Ultra-precise Timingb.white@slac.stanford.edu October 29, 2007 23 LCLS High Precision Timing SLAC/LBNL collaboration to develop system for high precision (<100 fsec) delivery of timing reference from RFPC laser to X-ray Endstations. SLAC/LBNL MoU signed and project goals and responsibilities specified 30 month project with Aug 07 start with ~$2.1M budget for LBNL LBNL project team assembled. SLAC contacts identified. Conceptual design review planned for late Nov.-early Dec. 07

24. Bill White Lasers and Ultra-precise Timingb.white@slac.stanford.edu October 29, 2007 24 Development Status Transmission of S-band master oscillator over optically stabilized fiber shows <40 fsec stability over 24 hours using feedforward correction for group/phase velocity dispersion. Still tracking down systematic effects with possible improvement System now installed in chassis for tests in SLAC tunnel CW fiber laser freq. shifter delay AM phase delay control network analyzer (phase) reference signal 2km fiber 2.8GHz feed- forward corrector stable output group error as fiber heats 1.6% correction added 36fs RMS

25. Bill White Lasers and Ultra-precise Timingb.white@slac.stanford.edu October 29, 2007 25 RF transmission design Design of final timing system in progress. Procurement of components in progress.

26. Bill White Lasers and Ultra-precise Timingb.white@slac.stanford.edu October 29, 2007 26 Timing Plans Three main phases Phase I Stabilize an optical fiber in SLAC tunnel and klystron gallery using already built LBNL hardware. Goal is to understand relative thermo-acoustic environment. Hardware returns to LBNL after test. Transmit RF over stabilized fiber in loopback mode (i.e. loop fiber back to source). Perform attenuation vs. time measurements of fiber to look at radiation damage effects. Phase 2 Build core of LCLS timing stabilization hardware provide digitally controlled GVD correction engineer digitally controlled transmitter and receiver develop system diagnostics provide basic connectivity to LCLS controls Install and test at LCLS Phase 3 Specify (LBNL), procure and install (SLAC) fiber for final timing Deliver, install, and test final LCLS timing system (4 stabilized fiber lines, expandable to 16) full system diagnostics and controls full connectivity to LCLS controls

27. Bill White Lasers and Ultra-precise Timingb.white@slac.stanford.edu October 29, 2007 27 The NEH has a centralized laser bay which transports beams to 3 experimental hutches Near Experiment Hall Laser Bay Floor Laser Hall LCLS X-ray Beam To Far Hall

28. Bill White Lasers and Ultra-precise Timingb.white@slac.stanford.edu October 29, 2007 28 The 3 experimental hutches are located one floor below the laser bay Laser Bay Transport Tubes Hutch 1 AMO LUSI XPP Sub-Basement of Near Experiment Hall

29. Bill White Lasers and Ultra-precise Timingb.white@slac.stanford.edu October 29, 2007 29 Near Hall Lasers NEH LSS design underway PDR held on Oct. 18 ESD and SOP next

30. Bill White Lasers and Ultra-precise Timingb.white@slac.stanford.edu October 29, 2007 30 Main Control of the LSS is in the Laser Hall Laser Bay LSS Control Panel Door Interlocks LSS Status Sign Crash Panel Transport Shutters LASER OFF Door Bypass Badge Reader Door Interlocks

31. Bill White Lasers and Ultra-precise Timingb.white@slac.stanford.edu October 29, 2007 31 Near Hall Lasers NEH LSS design underway PDR held on Oct. 18 ESD and SOP next AMO Laser PRD coming soon Purchased for delivery in October 08 LUSI XPP Laser Will use AMO laser for initial experiments Dedicated laser in 2011 or 2012 Interface with XPP has been defined, interface document soon.

32. Bill White Lasers and Ultra-precise Timingb.white@slac.stanford.edu October 29, 2007 32 Summary Injector laser Modifications for automation underway Procedures under development Hand-off begins January Spares are here Precision Timing Project is finally officially underway Prototype will be tested during next run NEH Lasers LSS design underway Laser procurement process beginning now Receive laser in October 08

33. Bill White Lasers and Ultra-precise Timingb.white@slac.stanford.edu October 29, 2007 33 End