1. GNU, Linux and Open Source GNUKernel GNU/ Linux OpenSource

2. GNU GNU GNU - GNUs Not Unix GNU GNU (pronounced g'noo) is a free operating system GNU GNU was invented by Richard Stallman in 1983 at MIT GNU Stallman quit his job at MIT so that they could not claim ownership and interfere with distributing GNU as free software

3. GNU GNU/ Linux GNU – GNU/ Linux GNU HURD The members of the GNU project tried to build their own kernel (HURD) to get a fully functional free operating system GNU LINUX In 1992, GNU was combined with a free Unix-compatible kernel called LINUX GNU/Linux It is distributed as GNU/Linux  Suse, Debian/Linux, Red Hat GNU HURD In 2005, the distributer Debian released the first GNU with its own kernel HURD  Debian HURD

4. GNU/ Linux - develpoers Richard Stallman Linus Torvalds

5. KERNEL KERNEL – the core kernel a kernel is the core of an operating system its responsible for providing secure access to the machine's hardware and to various computer processes

6. KERNEL KERNEL – the core

7. KERNEL KERNEL – types monolith kernel  (UNIX, Linux, MS/DR- DOS)  more powerful  Drivers and modules are embedded in to the kernel which improves the speed of a OS microkernel  (WinNT 4, Mac OS X )  less powerful  provides a small set of simple hardware drivers and uses external applications to provide more functionality hybrid kernels  (Windows 2000, Windows XP, etc) others

8. LINUX-KERNEL In 1991, Linus Torvalds (Finland) wrote a Unix-compatible kernel (v0.01) LINUXLINUX LINUX (LINUs uniX) It was available for free, but copyrighted on the Internet

9. LINUX-KERNEL GPL GPL 1993 it became a part of GPL (General Public License) GNU/Linux OS Single person and group developers started distributing GNU/Linux systems as standalone OS

10. LINUX-KERNEL GPL GPL 1993 it became a part of GPL (General Public License) GNU/Linux OS Single person and group developers started distributing GNU/Linux systems as standalone OS

11. GPL GPL – General Public License GPL GPL was released in January 1989 The latest version of the license, v2, was released in 1991

12. GPL GPL – grants the freedom to run the program for any purpose the freedom to study how the program works and modify it (Access to the source code is a precondition for this) the freedom to redistribute copies the freedom to improve the program, and release the improvements to the public (Access to the source code is a precondition for this)

13. Win vs. Linux startup startup Windows XPstartup Linux You see what you get !

14. Win vs. Linux prompt MS-DOS promptGNU/ Linux prompt

15. Win vs. KDE environment Windows XPGNU/Linux KDE 3.3

16. OpenSource OpenSource – free as in free speech Its source code is published and made available to the public, enabling anyone to copy, modify and redistribute the source code without paying royalties or fees Since the early 1960s most software was developed in an open source manner

17. OpenSource OpenSource – examples General: Linux (kernel) KDE/ GNOME (desktop environment) Apache (webserver) MySQL (database) OpenOffice.org (office) Mozilla (browser) GIS Software: UMN – MapServer (mapserver) Grass (GIS)

18. OpenSource OpenSource – costs MICROSOFT/ ESRI: OpenSource: WindowsXP~$250 Office2k3~$500 ArcView$1,500 ArcGIS Documentation Set $480 GNU/Linux$0 OpenOffice.org$0 GRASS$0 UMN Mapserver$0 Documentation$0

19. LINKS http://www.wikipedia.com http://www.gnu.org http://www.kernel.org http://www.linux.org http://www.suse.com http://www.debian.org http://www.debian.org/ports/hurd