1. Measurement Concepts

2. CONSTRUCT VALIDITY OF MEASURES Indicators of Construct Validity Face validity Aggression questionnaire Not enough to really determine construct validity Something can lack face validity but have construct validity

3. CONSTRUCT VALIDITY OF MEASURES Criterion-oriented validity = relationship between test scores and some criterion Predictive validity = how well scores predict future behavior Concurrent validity = relationship between scores and a criterion behavior at the same time Convergent validity = are scores on two tests of the same construct related Discriminant validity = are scores on two tests of different constructs related

4. INDICATORS OF CONSTRUCT VALIDITY

5. RESEARCH ON PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES Systematic and detailed research on validity is most often carried out on measures of personality and individual differences Should use measures of personality that have demonstrable validity and reliability

6. REACTIVITY OF MEASURES Measure Is Reactive if Awareness of Being Measured Changes an Individual’s Behavior Measures of Behavior Vary in Terms of Their Potential Reactivity

7. VARIABLES AND MEASUREMENT SCALES Nominal Scales Ordinal Scales - :l -  Interval and Ratio Scales The Importance of the Measurement Scales

8. EXAMPLE OF A NOMINAL SCALE _______Not Attractive _______Attractive EXAMPLE OF A INTERVAL/RATIO SCALE Very Unattractive __ __ __Very Attractive