1. Chemical Genetics – Biol503
Lecture 1
Introduction to
Chemical Genomics

2. Introduction: definitions
Genomics is a new field of science that analyzes, compares the complete genome sequences of organisms and study functions of encoded genes. The word genome was from the conjunction between GENe and ChromosOME
Genetics: study of heredity

3. History of Genomics Foundation of genomics
DNA structure elucidation (Watson & Crick)
Invention of DNA sequencing (Maxam and Sanger)
Automated DNA sequencers (Leroy Hood)
Haemophilus influenzae sequenced in 1995
Mycoplasma genitalium sequenced in 1995
Methanococcus jannaschii sequenced in 1996
S. cerevisiae genome completed in 1996
E. coli genome completed in 1997
Bacillus subtilis genome completed in 1997
Human draft genome completed in 2001

4. Chemical Genomics and HTS
Chemical Genomics: Study of structure and function of genes, cells and organisms using small molecular probes
Chemical genomics aims to systematically explore the interactions between small molecules and biological systems.
HTS: high throughput screening is the primary tool for chemical genomics research

5. Introduction: definitions

6. Foundation of Chemical Genomics
Genomics advances
Advances in robotics
Increasing exploration of chemical diversity
Software development

7. Advantages of HTS

8. Assay categories & methods

9. NIH Chemical Genomics Center
The mission of the NCGC is to apply the tools of small molecule screening and discovery to the development of chemical probe research tools, for use in the study of protein and cell functions, and biological processes relevant to physiology and disease.

10. Approaches
NCGC will optimize biochemical, cellular and model organism-based assays submitted by the biomedical research community; perform automated high-throughput screening (HTS); and
Perform chemistry optimization on confirmed hits to produce chemical probes for dissemination to the research community. State-of-the-art cheminformatics methods will be applied to the discovery and characterization of the chemical probes.
Pharmacological, transcript/proteome profiling and genetic approaches will be taken to understand the activities of small molecule probes in biological systems