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Observation and Practical Study CHAPTER6
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Research Methods -6 Designed by F.Y.N. 一、 Overview on Observation The Significance and Characteristics of Observation Functions of Observation in Educational Technology Research Types of Observation Roles of the Observer Main Steps and Preparations of Scientific Observation Advantages and Limitations of Observation
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Research Methods -6 Designed by F.Y.N. 科学观察:人们在自然条件下,通过感觉器官 或借助科学仪器,有目的、有计划地感知客观 对象从而获得科学事实的一种研究方法。 Scientific Observation
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Functions of Observation 1 、科学的观察是获得并积累感性材 料的重要渠道。 2 、观察是及时获得反馈信息、验证 假说的必要手段。 3 、是基础性的认识活动。
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Types of Observation 直接观察和间接观察 参与观察和非参与观察 实验观察和自然观察 随机观察和系统观察 抽样观察和跟踪观察
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Roles of the Observer 不暴露身份 暴露身份 完全参与者 完全观察者 参与的观察者 观察的参与者
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Advantages and Limitations of Observation 直接性 情境性 及时性 纵贯性 普适性 受观察对象的限制 受观察者本人的限制 受观察范围的限制 受无关变量的干扰、 缺乏控制
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二、 Structured Observation 结构化观察: 人们为认识事物的本质和规律,通过感觉 器官或借助一定的仪器,有目的、有计划 地对特定对象进行系统化观察,并要做严 格详细的可量化记录的一种观察方法。
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Characteristics of Structured Observation 1 、有特定的观察内容 2 、采用专门的观察方法(直接、间接) 3 、有限制的观察范围 4 、可量化的观察记录方式
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Research Methods -6 Designed by F.Y.N. The Behavior Observation on Students in the Collaborative Learning. The Behavior Observation on Students in Reading the Electronic Publication. The Behavior Observation on Students in the Process of Class Teaching.
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Research Methods -6 Designed by F.Y.N. Basic Steps of Practical Study Characteristics of Practical Study Roles of the Observers in Practical Study 三、 Practical Study
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Research Methods -6 Designed by F.Y.N. Subjects fit for Observation Practical Study Design Reliability and Validity of Practical Study
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