1. Pertemuan 2 Konsep WCA (Work Concept Analysis)
Matakuliah : H0472 / Konsep Sistem Informasi
Tahun : 2006
Versi : 1
Pertemuan 2 Konsep WCA (Work Concept Analysis)

2. Learning Outcomes
Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa
akan mampu :
Menerangkan konsep work sistem serta menyebutkan komponen-komponen-nya.

3. Melihat bisnis proses sebagai suatu sistem Work Systems
Outline Materi
Melihat bisnis proses sebagai suatu sistem
Work Systems
Komponen Work Systems

4. The need for frameworks & models
What is a framework?
A set of ideas for organizing your thoughts about a thing or situation...
What is a model?
A useful representation of a specific situation or thing…

5. Framework & model, continued...
Think about object oriented programming…
A framework is like a class definition
A model is like an instantiated object

6. Frameworks and models in action
What are some frameworks that we encounter?
Now, let’s think about models…examples?
Let’s turn to the Resumix case to see the WCA framework in action

7. Define the elements of this case using the WCA framework
Resumix Case
Define the elements of this case using the WCA framework
What are the categories?
They are
customer, product, business process, participants, information and technology

13. Viewing businesses as systems
Businesses as systems consisting of business processes

14. Viewing businesses as systems
Value Chain
for a “sit down” restaurant, not fast food...

15. Viewing businesses as systems
Business processes and functional areas of businesses
The silo model

16. Business processes and functional areas of businesses
Processes that cross functional areas
Processes related to a specific functional area
Processes occurring in every functional area

17. Information systems and work systems

18. Information systems and work systems
What kind of system?
Information system
Work system

19. Information systems and work systems
Where are the boundaries between information systems and work systems?
Is this changing?
Is this a reflection of the changes in the economy to focus on services?
Do you think that the trend will continue?

20. Framework for thinking about systems
The WCA

21. Framework for thinking about systems
Customers
internal
external
what’s the difference?
Product
the output of the work system
Business process
What’s going on in the system
We’ll model this with flow charts and DFD’s

22. Framework for thinking about systems
Participants
Who’s involved…
Information

23. Framework for thinking about systems
Technology
This is the part that’s cool, but remember its place in the puzzle

24. Perspectives for viewing a work system

25. Perspectives for viewing a work system
You can use the WCA and the five perspectives to gain a better understanding of the work system
Sort of a “drill down” approach
When I ask you to give me a WCA diagram, I’m looking for the overall analysis, not all perspectives -- you may want to do these perspectives as you develop your model

26. Perspectives for viewing a work system
ARCHITECTURE
What are the components of the system that performs the work and who uses the work product?
How are the components linked?
How do the components operate together?
PERFORMANCE
How well do the components operate individually?
How well does the system operate? (How well is the work performed?)
How well should the system operate?
INFRASTRUCTURE
What technical and human infrastructure does the work rely on?
In what ways does infrastructure present opportunities or obstacles?
CONTEXT
What are the impacts of the organizational and technical context?
In what ways does the context present opportunities or obstacles?
RISKS
What foreseeable things can prevent the work from happening,
can make the work inefficient, or can cause defects in the work product?
What are the likely responses to these problems?

27. Looking at an IT-enabled system from a business perspective

28. Looking at an IT-enabled system from a business perspective
Steps in systems analysis
defining the problem
describing the situation in enough depth
designing potential improvements
deciding what to do

29. Looking at an IT-enabled system from a business perspective
How the WCA can be used to drill down on a problem...

30. Looking at an IT-enabled system from a business perspective
The WCA method

31. Looking at an IT-enabled system from a business perspective
Limitations and issues with the WCA
architecture
overemphasis on details
confusion about roles
performance
too often ignored
infrastructure
you gotta have it! Don’t forget!

32. Looking at an IT-enabled system from a business perspective
Limitations and issues with the WCA (cont.)
context
ignoring incentives/disincentives, organizational culture, etc.
risks
things don’t always go as planned…
contingency
disaster recovery

33. CLOSING WCA CONCEPT