1. Principles of Navigation and Guidance AEE 500 – Fall 2009 L. C. Smith College of Engineering Syracuse University Instructor: Harish Palanthandalam-Madapusi

2. Introduction  Success of aerospace missions depends on the ability to answer the following questions:  Where is the vehicle?  What is its velocity?  What are its angular orientation and angular rates?  What maneuvers to perform to cause the vehicle to move in a way that will help meet the specifications of the mission?  These questions lie at the heart of navigation and guidance problems

3. Introduction  What is Navigation?  Keeping track of a vehicle’s position, velocity, orientation, and angular velocity  What is Guidance?  Making a vehicle follow a specified position, velocity, orientation, and angular velocity  Examples?  Aerospace vehicles  Terrestrial Vehicles  Spacecrafts  Boats, Ships, Canoes, etc.  Submarines  Medical applications?  Indoor applications  Other futuristic applications?

4. Navigation  What do you need?  Sensors, Hardware  Navigation principles  Algorithms and Codes  Another purpose of navigation is to determine the accuracy of the estimate of the position, velocity, orientation, and angular velocity of the vehicle  Do we really need all that?

5. History  Historically maps, magnetic compasses, sextants, etc., have been sufficient to answer these questions  Relatively low velocities over land and sea  Could count on a variety of visible references such as landmarks, stars, etc.  Human pilot (no automation)  Advent of air and space travel posed substantially new challenges  Deprived of visual aids  High level of automation  Unmanned  Manned but reduce crew fatigue

6. About this course  Mix of theory and application  Geometry, algebra, linearization, control theory, stochastic error analysis, differential calculus  Fundamental principles involved in navigation and guidance  Applicable to a wide range of applications  Also applicable to non-navigation related applications  Hardware independent