1. Quality Management – Cost and Time Management Initial Cost of Materials & Equipment Labor Cost Long Term Cost Time Management

2. Quality Management – Cost and Time Management Initial Cost of Materials & Equipment: To control cost the architect considers – Initial cost – Installation cost – Long-term cost Architects must specify the most appropriate products & materials for proper performance Most products are available with various features or in various grades – e.g. wood grade – CMU types – concrete Cost of assemblies vs. individual components Cost based on product / material availability, project location, suppliers and general economic conditions.

3. Quality Management – Cost and Time Management Labor Cost – +50% of construction cost = labor – Architects sometimes try to reduce the amount of on-site labor by specifying factory made assemblies – Field labor rates and productivity are union based – Factory conditions are better and productivity is higher – States set ‘prevailing wages’ to even the pay scale for union and non-union workers – Costs can be reduced by using repetitive materials and details

4. Quality Management – Cost and Time Management Long Term Cost (Operational Costs) Long term costs are usually inversely proportional to short term costs e.g. – High efficiency HVAC has a high initial cost but saves money over time Can be client-type driven: – Developer = short term owner vs. owner occupied school or government building Maintenance Cost Specifying appropriate products & materials effects maintenance costs – Buildings that serve large populations vs. residential buildings – Toilet partition types / accessible ceilings allow for maintenance

5. Quality Management – Cost and Time Management Fabrication time: shop vs. site Erection time: prefabricated items go up faster Construction Sequence: contractor controlled, but design has influence on sequence – Partitions that extend to the deck limit the ceiling installation till after the walls are finished

6. Project Code & Zoning Analysis Working with the IBC Working with a Zoning Ordinance

7. Working with the IBC New Jersey follows the International Building Code, New Jersey Edition Additionally, NJ has it’s own Administrative Code which contains the Uniform Construction Code (NJUCC) NJ also has adopted other codes for plumbing, electrical, fuel gas and life safety

8. Working with the IBC For this course we will outline steps for using the IBC NJ Edition A good method is the following sequential format: – Use & Occupancy – Chapter 3 – Construction Type – Chapter 6 – Building Height & Size – Chapter 5 – Fire Safety Requirements – Chapter 9 – Means of Egress – Chapter 10 Other information may be required for more complex buildings.

30. detection alarm extinguish

38. 300 people w/ 2 means of egress; 150 people per egress 150x0.2=30” wide corridor…or.. If you design a 5’ wide stairway it can hold 60/0.3=200 persons get bonus w/ sprinkler 60/0.2=300 persons

41. Working with a Zoning Ordinance Along with the building code, the zoning ordinance is absolutely necessary for project development. Remember zoning is enforced by law, so violations are subject to penalties. Additionally, the owner/client will not be pleased with a building design that cannot be built, the client can seek damages for this error.

42. Working with a Zoning Ordinance - 1 Obtain a current property survey from the client. Usually a survey is part of the package given to the owner when the property was purchased (closing documents). If a survey is not available, the owner should engage the services of a licensed surveyor to prepare a new one. The survey should show all meets and bounds as well as street dimensions and exact locations of all structures on the lot, utility locations If your site is irregular with slopes and hills, request topographic data as well. This will help with the building design

43. Working with a Zoning Ordinance - 2 Obtain the current zoning ordinance. You may be able to place a phone call to the zoning office and discuss your project. If your project is simple, the zoning official might simply fax you the required pages. Otherwise go the municipal building and discuss the project in person. You may have to purchase the ordinance, prices vary from $25 to $50 (or more), so ask first

44. Working with a Zoning Ordinance - 3 Obtain the zoning map that outlines the various zones in your municipality and locate your project address on the map.

45. Working with a Zoning Ordinance - 4 Read the sections of the ordinance related to your project’s zone. Read all other appropriate sections of the ordinance that related to your project (i.e. off-street parking requirements, lighting, signage etc.). This takes time and careful reading!

46. Property Address: 14 Pine Place, North Caldwell, Essex County, NJ Survey Project Description: Owner wants an addition at rear of house

50. addition 24.03’ 23.42’ 22.66’

53. Property Address: 50 Leslie Street, Newark, Essex County, NJ Project Description: Owner wants a new 2-family house

57. City of Newark Zoning Ordinance for 2 nd Residential District Note: Text at bottom of page regarding 25 foot by 100 foot lots

61. Schedule of Requirements for Zoning Ordinance

62. Assignments Complete Title Sheet with Zoning & Code Analysis Quiz #1