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Unit 1- Recognizing Computers
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Understand the importance of computers Define computers & computer systems Classify different types of computers Identify system components Describe the role of the CPU Define computer memory Describe how data is represented Identify types of storage devices Care for storage media
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A computer is a person, instrument, or machine that gathers, processes, and stores information.
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Charles Babbage ◦ Designed a steam- powered calculator called the Difference Engine in 1821. ◦ His next idea was the Analytical Engine (1856), designed to perform any kind of mathematical calculation.
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In 1943, the British built the first “Colossus” computer. Used to decipher encrypted teleprinter messages sent by the Germans during World War II.
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The first computer that most individuals could afford was the Altair 8800, built in 1975 by MITS. No keyboard or screen ◦ Information was entered by clicking switches
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Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak created the first user-friendly personal computer, called the Apple, with a built-in keyboard, display screen, and storage unit. ◦ The term personal computer refers to a computer designed to be used by one person at a time.
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In 1981, IBM introduced its version of the personal computer—the IBM PC. IBM made the general design available to competing companies, resulting in many clones or “compatibles.” Today, the term PC often refers to computers running Microsoft’s Windows operating system.
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Hardware Software Data Output of information Receives data, processes data, outputs information, stores data
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The use of the binary number system with two values: 0 and 1. 1= ON (electricity) 0= OFF (no electricity) What Counting to Ten Looks Like Decimal: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 Binary: 0, 1, 10, 11, 100, 101, 110, 111, 1000, 1001, 1010
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Desktop Laptop Netbook Tablets Workstation Servers Handheld/Smartphone Terminal Mainframe Super Computer
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Personal computer- PC or MAC AKA Microcomputer Individual user
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AKA Notebook PC or Mac Portability Touchpad
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NOT laptop replacement Made for travel Basic ◦ Check email ◦ Web ◦ Office ◦ No Multitasking
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Lightweight & smaller Less powerful than laptop Small Screen Longer battery No CD/DVD Low in RAM (1GB) Windows XP/7 Basic
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Form of notebook Swivel Screen Handwriting Stylus
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PC in smaller size Many functions of PC ◦ Has memory, storage, CPU ◦ Apps, Internet, Email ◦ Android, WebOS, iOS
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Multiple CPUs, lots of RAM, multiple, high- capacity drives Video Editing, CAD, Animation, Scientific, CSI, X-Ray
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Performs functions for computers on a network (provides a service) ◦ Hold Files ◦ Handle Email ◦ Web Site
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PDA / Smartphone ◦ Personal Digital Assistant ◦ AKA Pocket PC ◦ Windows, iOS, WebOS, Android, Palm OS ◦ Touch Screen ◦ Can do email, web, Office, etc.
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Data entering Keyboard & Monitor “Dumb” Terminal Only performs functions when connected to larger system
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Connected to terminals Bulk data processing Banks, statistics Hundreds of thousands $ Large institutions & govt. Airlines
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Large & fast Perform BIG calc’s Volumes of data Millions of $$$ Government Military Research Labs NASA
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Name some…
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Managing an airline reservation & ticketing system would be best performed by which class of computer? ◦ Mainframe Which computer only performs when connected to a larger computer? ◦ Terminal What’s another name for a desktop? ◦ Microcomputer Who is known as the father of computing? ◦ Babbage
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What’s the biggest advantage of using a notebook? ◦ Portability T/F. A server is dedicated to sharing resources & data. ◦ True Which type of computer provides services to other PCs? ◦ Servers What device would have Palm/WebOS on it? ◦ Handheld, PAD, Smartphone
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Unit 1- Recognizing Computers
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