1. “4-H Purpose, History, and Structure” 4-H 101 CES Staff Development Series Thursday, October 15, 2009, 10:00 a.m. by Steve McKinley mckinles@purdue.edumckinles@purdue.edu; 765-494-8435 Carl Broady broady@purdue.edubroady@purdue.edu; 765-494-8435

2. To access PowerPoint slides, visit: U: drive, “State YDAE” file folder, then “4-H 101” file folder Lower left hand corner of your screen To ask questions during presentation, type in the Chat box

3. 4-H 101 Series 4-H Purpose, History, and Structure (10/15/09) Effectively Utilizing Volunteers (11/10/09) Starting and Maintaining 4-H Clubs (12/10/09) Expanding 4-H Opportunities (1/12/10) Working with 4-H Parents (2/18) Characteristics of Positive Youth Development & Life Skill Development (3/9)

4. 4-H Purpose, History, and Structure

5. Objectives: 1.Define the mission and vision of 4-H and Purdue Extension. 2.Characterize the uniqueness of the 4-H program. 3.Identify significant historical events related to the 4-H program. 4.Recognize significant historical events related to the Cooperative Extension Service. 5.Illustrate the structure of the 4-H program on the national, state, and local level. 6.Describe participation in the 4-H program on the national, state, and local level.

6. Objective #1: Define the mission and vision of 4-H and Purdue Extension. National 4-H Mission 4-H empowers youth to reach their full potential, working and learning in partnership with caring adults. National 4-H Vision A world in which youth and adults learn, grow and work together as catalysts for positive change.

7. Indiana 4-H Mission “The Indiana 4-H Youth Development mission is to provide real-life educational opportunities that develop young people who positively impact their community and world.” September, 2009

8. Indiana 4-H Vision “Indiana 4-H Youth Development strives to be the premier, community-based program empowering young people to reach their full potential.” September, 2009

9. Purdue Extension Mission “The mission of the Purdue University Cooperative Extension Service is the education of Indiana citizens through application of the land-grant university research and knowledge base for the benefit of agriculture, youth, families, and communities.”

10. Purdue Extension Vision Empower clientele to access information, sort through and process it Develop volunteers who share time and expertise Accomplished by… –Utilizing appropriate technologies and communication networks –Creating a climate for our staff to realize their potential while being team players –Focusing on excellence

11. Objective #2: Characterize the uniqueness of the 4-H program. What makes the 4-H program unique? Presence in every county Funding sources (federal, state, local) Connection to land-grant university Only federally approved and organized youth development organization in the nation What makes 4-H unique in ___ County?

12. 4-H Characteristics… Largest out-of-school youth organization in the U.S. with 6 million + members Cooperative Extension staff responsible for 4-H in every county in U.S. 80+ countries have some form of 4-H Provides programs that are hands-on, age-appropriate, and university-based Supported by 518,000 Volunteers 60 million alumni

13. Objective #3: Identify significant historical events related to the 4-H program. 1902: First organized 4-H Clubs formed (OH) 1904: First organized 4-H Clubs formed in Indiana (Hamilton County), under direction of John Haines – Boys Corn Club and Girls Bread Club 1907-1908: 3-leaf clover designed by O.H. Benson (for Head, Hearts, and Hands) 1911: 4th leaf added to clover for “Hustle” (later changed to Health)

14. 4-H Historical events continued… 1912: 1st Extension Agent hired, Leonard B. Clore in LaPorte Co. 1912: Z.M. Smith first State 4-H Leader 1913: “Clore Bill” passed Indiana legislature authorizing $30,000 annually for Extension 1915: 1st market hog class shown at Indiana State Fair 1919: 1,500 youth attend first 4-H Round-Up

15. 4-H Historical events continued… 1927: 4-H Pledge composed by Otis Hall, Montgomery Co., IN, adopted (“and my world” added in 1973) 1932: 1st State 4-H Junior Leader Conference conducted 1942-1945: Indiana State Fair cancelled due to war efforts 1950’s: 1st IFYE outbound group, Share the Fun Contest, and State Fair Achievement Trip

16. 4-H Historical events continued… 1961: Indiana 4-H Foundation formed 1962: Horse & Pony project formed 1973: 1st Animal Science Workshop held 1980’s: 4-H expands greatly into the urban settings, nationwide 1998: 4-H Membership in Indiana changed from age to grade 2002: State and National Conversation on Youth, led by National 4-H Council as celebration of 100 years in existence

17. 4-H Historical events continued… 2003: State 4-H Office joins Department of Youth Development and Agricultural Education 2004: Indiana 4-H Centennial Celebration 2008: National 4-H Mission Mandates announced: –Science, Engineering and Technology (SET) –Healthy Living –Citizenship

18. Objective #4: Recognize significant historical events related to the Cooperative Extension Service. Mid-1800’s: science gains in importance 1862: Morrill Act signed by President Lincoln to create land grant university system –Gave each state public land to be sold –Used proceeds to maintain a college 1869: John Purdue donates land to Indiana for land-grant institution… Purdue University established

19. Extension Historical Events continued… 1887: Hatch Act signed –Provided funds for agricultural experiment stations 1890: 2 nd Morrill Act signed –Provided additional resources for the development of universities –Established separate institutions for black colleges in the south

20. Extension Historical Events continued… 1898: “Father of Extension”, Seaman Knapp hired –Demonstrated research results to LA farmers 1905: Agricultural extension became a part of Purdue’s educational program 1914: Smith-Lever Act signed by President Wilson –Extension becomes educational arm of USDA –Nationwide system established –National, State, and Local government funding partnership

21. Extension Historical Events continued… WWI: –Food production emphasis –Farm cooperatives organized Depression: –Emergency government program education –Home and money management WWII: –Victory gardens –Food conservation

22. Extension Historical Events continued… 1950’s: –Emphasis on program planning; family living 1960’s & 1970’s: –EFNEP; expansion of community development 1980’s & 1990’s: –Farm crisis management; issue programming; accountability emphasized

23. Extension Historical Events continued… Today… “Extension is a living, evolving, market-driven organization that responds to society's changing needs. Lifelong learning is expanding by utilizing existing and new, university-based, knowledge to solve complex problems cooperatively with citizens and their communities.” (N.H. Bull, et al., 12/2004; http://www.joe.org/joe/2004december/comm2.php.) http://www.joe.org/joe/2004december/comm2.php

24. Objective #5: Illustrate the structure of the 4-H program on the national, state, and local level. 4-H is coordinated by a number of agencies on National, State, and Local levels. 4-H is the only federally approved and organized youth development organization in the nation. Formed by Congress, authority for the 4-H Program rests with the United States Department of Agriculture and (within Indiana) Purdue University. This federal status means we have specific guidelines regarding membership and how we conduct activities.

25. National Structure United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) –National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) Families, Youth & Communities –Youth Development & 4-H »4-H National Headquarters Dr. Suzanne LeMenestrel, Acting Director, Youth Development http://www.nifa.usda.gov/youthdevelopment 4hhttp://www.nifa.usda.gov/youthdevelopment 4h.

26. National Structure continued… National 4-H Council –Mission: To advance the 4-H youth development movement to build a world in which youth and adults learn, grow and work together as catalysts for positive change. –National, private sector non-profit partner of 4-H and the Cooperative Extension System. –Focuses on fundraising; brand management; communications; legal and fiduciary support to national and state 4-H programs –Manages National 4-H Youth Conference Center and the National 4-H Supply Service –Board of Trustees consists of youth, 4-H representatives, extension/land-grant universities, corporate executives, and other private citizens http://4-h.org

27. National Structure continued… National 4-H Youth Conference Center –Chevy Chase, MD, one mile from D.C. –Opened in 1959 –Serves 30,000 youth annually –Premier facility in D.C. area focused specifically on youth http://www.4hcenter.org/ National 4-H Supply Service –Authorized agent for items bearing the 4-H name and emblem –Publishes annual Source Book http://www.4-hmall.org/

28. Indiana Structure Purdue University –College of Agriculture Cooperative Extension Service »Dr. Chuck Hibberd, Director Department of Youth Development and Agricultural Education (YDAE) –4-H Youth Development Program »Dr. Renee McKee, State 4-H Program Leader http://www.four-h.purdue.edu/

29. Purdue College of Agriculture

31. Cooperative Extension Service

34. Indiana Structure continued… Indiana 4-H Foundation –Chartered in 1961 –Seeks to create and enhance growth and recognition opportunities for Indiana 4-H members and their leaders that they may develop the hallmarks of successful citizens: responsibility, leadership and integrity –Granted over $6.5 million in support of Indiana 4-H youth, volunteers and programs –Moved back to Purdue’s campus in 2008 –Shelly Bingle-Coffman serves as Executive Director and 4-H Resource Development Officer –http://www.4h.org/http://www.4h.org/

35. County Structure County Government –County Commissioners –County Council County Extension Advisory Board –County Extension Director 4-H Youth Development Extension Educator 4-H Youth Development Council &/or 4-H Fair Board –4-H Volunteers

37. County Extension Program Organization

39. Source of Purdue CES Organization Charts: http://www.ces.purdue.edu/anr/field/ceshand book/sectionIIIorganization.html#charts

40. 4-H Youth Development Extension Educator Primary Purpose: Provide educational leadership in carrying out Extension’s mission in the local community. Primary Responsibilities: Plan programs that meet community’s needs Communicate Purdue Extension philosophy, goals, and policies to a wide audience

41. 4-H Youth Development Extension Educator Work with community advisory groups to establish local operating procedures in line with Extension’s mission Develop and support volunteer leadership efforts, including appointment and dismissal of volunteers Use university information to conduct educational programs Network with people and organizations in the county to share Extension program information Remain up-to-date professionally and adapt skillfully to change

42. 4-H Youth Development Council Purpose: –Help plan and implement a 4-H Youth Development Program consistent with the mission of Extension. –Program should offer a variety of high- quality 4-H youth educational opportunities, be adequately supported, and be in accordance with the developmental needs of young people.

43. 4-H Council Functions Program Planning –Needs assessment Is there a need for the program in the community? How do you know? –Variety of delivery methods Organized clubs, School enrichment, After- School, Mini/Exploring, Special interest, Exchanges, Camps, Workshops/Conferences

44. 4-H Council Functions –Implement guidelines that are: Safe, Fair, Equitable Perhaps unique to County, but consistent with State and Federal guidelines Allow for participation in State activities –Provide equal opportunity for all to participate –Inclusive, not exclusive policies –Individual and group recognition –Program evaluation

45. 4-H Council Functions continued… Audience Development –Year-round recruitment –Target new audiences as demographics change – take time to review county population trends –Notify public of plans Volunteer Staff Development –Required to operate sound 4-H program –Support Extension Educator’s role with volunteer management –Volunteers may serve as policy-makers, in advisory role, or in direct contact with members and parents

46. 4-H Council Functions continued… Resource Development –Annual program budget –Request funds from County Council –Raise private funds –Be knowledgeable, excited and involved in program Resource Accountability –Funds must be used in compliance with USDA guidelines –Complete financial accounting and reporting for each 4-H unit (not just 4-H Clubs)

47. 4-H Council Functions continued… Program Visibility –Promote program to potential participants –Share information with those who support the program with private and public dollars Interagency Programming –Operate cooperatively with other youth-serving educational programs (e.g., schools, scouts, Junior Achievement, church groups) –Network with other Extension-related groups (e.g., Extension Board, Homemakers, 4-H Leaders, Fair Board)

48. Fair Boards May or may not have 4-H Council functions or be tied to 4-H Program Own and/or operate the Fairgrounds and associated functions Typically have representation from the 4-H Council on Fair Board if the groups are separate

49. County Government Provides funding for County Extension Office staff, facilities, and supplies Provides funding for 4-H programming and Fairgrounds

50. Tips for 4-H Council President and Extension Educators to Work Together Establish lines of communication early. Identify the most efficient method to communicate. Cooperatively develop meeting agendas. Sit together during meetings. Identify 4-H Council information & training needs.

51. Tips for 4-H Council President and Extension Educators to Work Together Relay upcoming events, deadlines, or other information to share with council members. Don’t surprise each other with last minute agenda items or requests; plan ahead as much as possible. Attend meetings. Offer assistance to each other as needed.

52. Jointly-held roles of 4-H Councils and Extension Educators 4-H Councils create a quality 4-H Program that parallels Extension Educator job description. Salaried staff and volunteers jointly design activities and share in completing these functions. Assure 4-H unit financial accountability. Work cooperatively to meet the 7 functions previously outlined for the 4-H Council. The County Extension Educator should be a non-voting member of the 4-H Council

53. Objective #6: Describe participation in the 4-H program on the national, state, and local levels. Type of Participation NationalIndiana (national rank) Total Enrollment5,988,787216,502 (4 th ) 4-H Club1,617,45872,159 (5 th ) Special Interest2,135,71520,446 (7 th ) School Enrichment3,992,140117,126 (6 th )

54. 4-H Participation continued…

57. NationalIndiana Male47% Female53% White, not Hispanic 70%88% Black, not Hispanic 15%9.3% Hispanic, other12% 2.7%

58. 4-H Participation continued… ResidenceNationalIndiana Towns (<10,000) 35%36.1% Central Cities22.5%18.7% Towns & Cities30.6%20.8% Farms11.9%24.4%

59. 4-H Participation continued… Grade in School NationalIndiana <K-338%46% 4-637%32% 7-914%13% 10-12+11%9%

60. 4-H Participation continued… 4-H Volunteers NationalIndiana Adult Leaders420,51413,269 Junior (Teen) Leaders 98,0924,760 NationalIndiana Total 4-H Projects 10,959,360383,947

61. Sources of 4-H Statistics: Indiana 4-H Report, 2008 USDA Annual 4-H Youth Development Enrollment Report, Fiscal Year 2003 http://www.national4- hheadquarters.gov/library/4h_stats.htmhttp://www.national4- hheadquarters.gov/library/4h_stats.htm

62. 4-H Participation continued… How would you describe the 4-H participation in your county? Are there populations you would like to reach that you have not been able to? What methods have you found to be effective in reaching new audiences? What marketing/recruitment strategies have worked for you?

63. Questions, Comments, Feedback??? Type in chat box or e-mail mckinles@purdue.edu or broady@purdue.edu mckinles@purdue.edubroady@purdue.edu

64. Next 4-H 101 Program: “Effectively Utilizing Volunteers” Tuesday, November 10, 2009, 10:00 a.m.- 12:00 noon, Adobe Connect for your participation!!!