1. Marine Vertebrates: Lecture 13 1.Spermaceti organ 2. Migration

2. Spermaceti organ: anatomy

3. Spermaceti oil: T, P and density Low T, high P  increased oil density 28  C 30  C 32  C 37  C

4. Spermaceti organ: water intake Role of maxillonasalis muscle

5. Migration: Overview Migration: To pass, usually periodically, from one region or climate to another for feeding or breeding Key questions  What is an animal’s migratory route? Methods of study?  Why do they migrate?  How do they find their way?  Human impact on migratory patterns

6. Fig. 8.13: Arctic tern migration

7. Arctic and Antarctic terns Arctic tern Photo by Brian Small Antarctic tern Photo by Danny Gallant

8. E. Pacific Grey Whale migration What’s in the north ~May – Nov? What’s in the south ~ Dec – April?  For pregant females/offspring  For others?

9. E. Pacific Grey Whale migration

10. Humpback migrations Note split of Australian population  Recent incident: “lost” males and song change http://migration.files.wordpress.com/2007/06/migration.gif

11. Blue whale migration and food

12. Bluefin tuna (Barbara Block) Western breeders Eastern breeders

13. Bluefin tuna (Barbara Block) Individual track, W. Atlantic spawner

14. Bluefin tuna: 4.5 years tracked!

15. Distribution & fish size

16. Green sea turtle migration

17. Movement Patterns of Wandering Albatrosses East South South Africa (Shaffer et al. 2001, 2003)

18. Pacific salmon: route compared to ocean circulation http://www.fao.org/docrep/006/y4652 e/y4652e0b.jpg http://www.scielo.cl/fbpe/i mg/rchnat/v77n3/img01- 03.jpg