1. The Grand Staff Combination of two staves One treble and one bass clef Middle C Bar Line Measure Double Bar Line

2. PITCH NOTATION Note Anatomy Musical Alphabet Pitch Notation on staff: A-B-C-D-E-F-G Closed score notation Open score notation

3. HALF/WHOLE STEPS & ACCIDENTALS Half Step Whole Step Accidentals Sharp Flat Natural

4. PITCH MOVEMENT INTERVALS TRIAD (“tri-”) means 3. CHORD SCALES KEY SIGNATURE

5. RHYTHMIC NOTATION DOTTED NOTES AND RESTS

6. SPECIAL NOTATIONS Tie Duplet Triplet Meter Time Signature

7. Musical Road Maps Repeat sign First and Second ending Da Capo (D.C.) Dal Segno (D.S.) al Fine al Coda

8. TEMPO MARKINGS Written in Italian here a few common Tempo Markings: Adagio ( ah dah jee o)- slow Andante ( ahn dahn tay)– slow walking pace Moderato (mah der ahto)- moderately Allegro- ( ah leg groh) - fast Vivace- ( vi vah chee) - lively

9. DYNAMIC MARKINGS Abbreviations and symbols that indicate degrees of loud and soft: pp very soft p soft mp moderately soft mf moderately loud f loud ff very loud

10. More symbols: This symbol means to crescendo or gradually sing louder This symbol means to decrescendo or gradually sing softer

11. For other musical symbols and abbreviations, see Finale examples: