1. Why People do Community Service

2. Why do Service?

3. Why do Service?
Penner (2002)

4. Why do Service?
Penner (2002)
Prosocial Personality

5. Why do Service? Penner (2002) Prosocial Personality
Other-Oriented Empathy

6. Why do Service? Penner (2002) Prosocial Personality
Other-Oriented Empathy
Helpfulness

7. Why do Service?

8. Why do Service?
Clary et al. (1998)

9. Why do Service?
Clary et al. (1998)
Functional Approach to Motives

10. Why do Service? Clary et al. (1998) Functional Approach to Motives
Values – do something consistent with values

11. Why do Service? Clary et al. (1998) Functional Approach to Motives
Values – do something consistent with values
Understanding – new knowledge or skills

12. Why do Service? Clary et al. (1998) Functional Approach to Motives
Values – do something consistent with values
Understanding – new knowledge or skills
Social – be with others

13. Why do Service? Clary et al. (1998) Functional Approach to Motives
Values – do something consistent with values
Understanding – new knowledge or skills
Social – be with others
Career – develop skills, make contacts

14. Why do Service? Clary et al. (1998) Functional Approach to Motives
Values – do something consistent with values
Understanding – new knowledge or skills
Social – be with others
Career – develop skills, make contacts
Protective – protect self from negative affect

15. Why do Service? Clary et al. (1998) Functional Approach to Motives
Values – do something consistent with values
Understanding – new knowledge or skills
Social – be with others
Career – develop skills, make contacts
Protective – protect self from negative affect
Enhancement – enhance positive affect

16. Raking of Volunteer Motives

17. Raking of Volunteer Motives
Chapman & Morley (1999), 1-7 Scale:

18. Raking of Volunteer Motives
Chapman & Morley (1999), 1-7 Scale:
Values 5.67

19. Raking of Volunteer Motives
Chapman & Morley (1999), 1-7 Scale:
Values 5.67
Understanding 5.39

20. Raking of Volunteer Motives
Chapman & Morley (1999), 1-7 Scale:
Values 5.67
Understanding 5.39
Enhancement 4.53

21. Raking of Volunteer Motives
Chapman & Morley (1999), 1-7 Scale:
Values 5.67
Understanding 5.39
Enhancement 4.53
Career 4.29

22. Raking of Volunteer Motives
Chapman & Morley (1999), 1-7 Scale:
Values 5.67
Understanding 5.39
Enhancement 4.53
Career 4.29
Protective 3.45

23. Raking of Volunteer Motives
Chapman & Morley (1999), 1-7 Scale:
Values 5.67
Understanding 5.39
Enhancement 4.53
Career 4.29
Protective 3.45
Social 2.79

24. Why do Service?

25. Why do Service?
Grube and Piliavin (2000)

26. Why do Service?
Grube and Piliavin (2000)
Role Identity

27. Why do Service? Grube and Piliavin (2000) Role Identity
Component of “the self”

28. Why do Service? Grube and Piliavin (2000) Role Identity
Component of “the self”
Corresponds to role one plays

29. Penner (2002): Figure 1 (modified)
Prosocial
Personality
Volunteer-
related
Motives
Initial
Volunteerism
Volunteer
Role
Identity
Sustained