1. 1 Seamount Turbulence by Iossif Lozovatsky Spatial decay of the kinetic energy dissipation rate away from topography

2. 2 Kinetic Energy Dissipation Rate

3. 3 Scalar Diffusivity Mass Diffusivity

4. 4 Probability Distributions of Turbulent Diffusivities Scalar Diffusivity : K sc < 10 -5 m 2 /s - 30% 10 -5 < K sc < 10 -4 m 2 /s - 40% K sc > 10 -4 m 2 /s - 30% Mass Diffusivity : K N < 10 -5 m 2 /s - 35% 10 -5 < K N < 10 -4 m 2 /s - 40% K N > 10 -4 m 2 /s - 25%

5. 5 Hydrodynamic Phase Diagram (Carl Gibson’s approach)

6. 6 Ampere Mixed Column

7. 7 Diamond-Shaped Mixed Layer Temperature transect along the flank of seamount Ampere

8. 8 Ampere Seamount Turbulence Downstream flowUpstream flow

9. 9 Boundary Layers Scalar diffusivities and mean conductivity profiles near the rim of Ampere seamount

10. 10 Kinetic Energy Dissipation Upstream and Downstream of Topography

11. 11

12. 12

13. 13 Irving, 88 Irving, 90G. Meteor, 90

14. 14 Summary The diffusivities averaged over the summit of seamount Irving are as high as (1-2)  10 -3 m 2 /s. The averaged mixing rate in the region surrounding Irving is 30-60 times the far field value. An inverse power law is suggested to approximate a spatial decrease of turbulence intensity away from the topography