1. 1 COMBATING HIV/AIDS WITHIN A “ GLOBAL SOLIDARITY FRAMEWORK ” Inelmen, EM DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE MEDICHE E CHIRURGICHE, UNIVERSITA’ DI PADOVA, ITALY Gazerro, ML ESPERTO DI GEOGRAFIA, UNIVERSITA’ DI PADOVA, ITALY Inelmen, E DEPARTMENT OF APPLIED SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF BOGAZICI, ISTANBUL, TURKEY

2. 2 1.Introduction 1.Introduction To strengthen the HIV/AIDS response it is essential that international donors support not only specific-HIV targets but also general socio-economic aspects, such as education, health services, women empowerment, agricultural development, which play a fundamental role in managing HIV/AIDS pandemic (UNAIDS, 2008 Report).

3. 3 The HIV/AIDS epidemic The HIV/AIDS epidemic nowadays is the result of what 30 years ago was an unpredictable-but tremendously potent- combination of intimate personal behaviours (notably, unprotected sex and needle sharing) and socio-economics factors (including poverty, gender inequity, social exclusion, and migration) that have affected nearly every country worldwide. Piot P. Lancet 2009 Piot P. Lancet 2009

4. 4 The HIV/AIDS epidemic nowadays The HIV/AIDS epidemic continues to spread at a rate of over 6000 new infections per day, the most rapid increases being observed in southern and central Africa and in South Asia. Kennedy CE et al, J Intern AIDS Society, 2010

5. 5

6. 6 Total Annual Resources available for AIDS, 1986-2007 Source: UNAIDS, 2008 Report on the Global Aids Epidemic, cap. 7, p. 188.

7. 7 Solidarity What is really solidarity? Simply to give money from rich to poor countries, or a more global approach involving help to develop the socio- economic context in order to make every country able to fight against HIV/AIDS by itself and eliminating the factors that cause the spread of the epidemic?

8. 8

9. 9 Solidarity and globalization Due to the process of globalization, fight against HIV/AIDS need the implementation of solidarity at all levels. Non-governmental organizations, civil society groups, and the private sector are deeply engaged in the response. In this study we consider international solidarity at the government level

10. 10 2. DATA To assess global solidarity we consider both the data regarding general funding for official development assistance and specific HIV/AIDS funding, taking into account data from the following 3 organizations, accessible on line on their official site : 1. DAC (Development Assistance Committee) 1. DAC (Development Assistance Committee) 2. CGD (Center for Global Development) 3. THE GF (Global Fund)

11. 11

12. 12

13. 13

14. 14

15. 15

16. 16

17. 17

18. 18Responses Successful responses have addressed sensitive social factors surrounding HIV/AIDS prevention, such as sexual behaviour, drug use, and gender equalities, countered stigma and discrimination, and mobilised affected communities; but such responses have been few and far between. Merson M et al, The Lancet, 2008 Merson M et al, The Lancet, 2008

19. 19 3. Conclusion 1/2 In order to reach more and more effective results in the fight against HIV/AIDS pandemic it is realistic, despite the global economic crisis, to ask donor countries to increase, without any delay, their efforts to targets recommended by UN, WHO and other organizations.

20. 20 SOLIDARITY IS AN HUMAN VALUE. TO SHARE IS A MORAL DUTY. Millennium Declaration 2000

21. 21 Conclusion 2/2 Help must be sure on a long-term basis. It is important to give more aid where there is more need, helping poor countries which often lack public and social structures to access to international funds improving their ability to present project and carry them out. Solidarity to be implemented needs a mix of local-based interventions.

22. 22 Appendix

23. 23 Donor CountriesGrade 2006Grade 2007Grade 2008-10 AustraliaFFD AustriaFFF CanadaACC DenmarkA+BB GermanyFFC+ ItalyNNE- JapanFFD RussiaNo grade A SpainBFB SwedenA+ANo grade The NetherlandsA+BA United KingdomCCC+ United StatesCFC GF Donor Report Card Sources: http://www.aidsportal.org/repos/GF%20report%20card.pdf