1. Mark Dixon Page 1 15 – Web applications: Server-side code (ASP)

2. Mark Dixon Page 2 Session Aims & Objectives Aims –To introduce the fundamental ideas involved in server-side code Objectives, by end of this week’s sessions, you should be able to: –create an asp web-page, including: HTML, and server-side VB script

3. Mark Dixon Page 3 Example: Logon (analysis) SPECIFICATION User Requirements –protection from fraud and invasion of privacy Software Requirements –Functional: –logon page, user must type name and password –following pages can only be accessed after successful logon –Non-functional should be very difficult to hack hotmail, Amazon, University portal, utility bills (gas, electricity, phone, internet), Travel (flights, ferry, car rental)

4. Mark Dixon Page 4 Example: Logon (design) Restrict access to home page

5. Mark Dixon Page 5 Example: Logon (code v1) Using Client-side VB Script Please logon: Sub btnLogon_OnClick() Dim un Dim pw un = txtUserName.value pw = txtPassWord.value If un = "mark" And pw = "soft131" Then window.navigate "home.htm" Else msg.innerText = "Login details incorrect." End If End Sub Logon.htm My Home page Welcome to my home page. Home.htm

6. Mark Dixon Page 6 Example: Login (Problem) View Source – shows client-side script: Reveals both username & password

7. Mark Dixon Page 7 network connection Web Hardware and Software Client Server Browser Application (MS Explorer, FireFox, Opera) Web-server Application (MS IIS, Apache)

8. Mark Dixon Page 8 Browser Application (MS Explorer, Firefox) Request-Response Cycle Web-server Application (MS IIS, Apache) Logon.htm Request Please logon: Sub btnLogon_OnClick() Dim un Dim pw un = txtUserName.value pw = txtPassWord.value If un = "mark" And pw = "soft131" Then window.navigate "home.htm" Else msg.innerText = "Login details incorrect." End If End Sub Response Client-side code: Code sent to Client Interpreted by browser

9. Mark Dixon Page 9 Server-side Script (what) ASP – active server pages –code not sent to client code secure (can't be viewed by client) –executed on server takes time – request-response cycle requires server software (e.g. IIS) ASP pages will NOT work by double clicking on file

10. Mark Dixon Page 10 Example: Date ASP code: –.aspx (not.htm) –VB (not vbscript) –variables have type –Now is current date and time (on server) –runat="server" gives server code access to object Sub Page_Load () Dim s As String s = "The date today is " s = s & Format(Now, "ddd d MMM yyyy") parD.InnerText = s s = "The time now is " s = s & Format( Now, "HH:mm") parT.InnerText = s End Sub Today's Date Date.aspx

11. Mark Dixon Page 11 Request-Response Cycle Browser Application (MS Explorer, Firefox) Web-server Application (MS IIS, Apache) date.aspx Request Today's Date The date today is Mon 9 Feb 2009 The time now is 00:57 Response Sub Page_Load() Dim s As String s = "The date today is " s = s & Format(Now, "ddd d MMM yyyy") parD.InnerText = s s = "The time now is " s = s & Format(Now, "HH:mm") parT.InnerText = s End Sub Today's Date Server-side code: run on server (never sent to Client)

12. Mark Dixon Page 12 View Source Code executed at server –code is never sent to client View, Source – does not show code:

13. Mark Dixon Page 13 Data Types Variant – all types of data –slow, memory hungry Boolean – true or false (on/off, yes/no) Integer – whole numbers (-32768 to 32768) Long – whole numbers (large) Single – decimal numbers Double – decimal numbers (more precise) String – text Object – object instances

14. Mark Dixon Page 14 Data Type Selection Number ofe.g. 4 Integer/Long Rooms Heighte.g. 1.87m Single/Double Surnamee.g. Smith String Car Rege.g. XY55 ABC String

15. Mark Dixon Page 15 Using data types Variable declaration Dim x As Long Parameters Sub Thing(boo As String, y As Long) Functions Function IsTall() As Boolean

16. Mark Dixon Page 16 Question: Data types Declare a variable to store: –an animal's weight in kg (e.g. 34.6) –whether a person has a driving licence or not –the title of a book –a phone number (e.g. 01752 586225) Dim weight As Double Dim licence As Boolean Dim title As String Dim phone As String

17. Mark Dixon Page 17 Example: AddNum (client-side) Sub btnAdd_onClick() Dim N1 Dim N2 N1 = txtN1.Value N2 = txtN2.Value parRes.InnerText = N1 + CDbl(N2) End Sub AddNum.htm

18. Mark Dixon Page 18 Example: AddNum (server-side) input tags inside form submit button: refreshes page (sending data to server) Sub Page_Load() Dim N1 As Double Dim N2 As Double If Request.Form("btnAdd") > "" Then N1 = txtN1.Value N2 = txtN2.Value parRes.InnerText = N1 + N2 End If End Sub AddNum.aspx If btnAdd clicked

19. Mark Dixon Page 19 Sub Page_Load () Dim N1 As Double Dim N2 As Double If Request.Form("btnAdd") > "" Then N1 = txtN1.Value N2 = txtN2.Value parRes.InnerText = N1 + N2 End If End Sub AddNum.aspx Sub btnAdd_onClick () Dim N1 Dim N2 N1 = txtN1.Value N2 = txtN2.Value parRes.InnerText = N1 + CDbl (N2) End Sub AddNum.htm Client-side vs. Server-side Code Both use VB Script language (i.e. Sub, If, Dim, For, etc.)

20. Mark Dixon Page 20 Example: Apples Sub Page_Load() If Request.Form("btnGo") > "" Then parRes.InnerHtml = parRes.InnerHtml & " " End If End Sub Apples Apples.aspx

21. Mark Dixon Page 21 Errors Sub Page_Load() Dim s As String s = "The date today is " s = s & Format(Now, "ddd d MMM yyyy") parD.InnerText = s s = "The time now is " s = s & Format(Now, "HH:mm") parT.InnerText = s End Sub parD.innerText = "" Today's Date vbscript cannot run at server (should be VB) parT is undefined (should have runat="server") Declaration expected (assignment must be in sub)

22. Mark Dixon Page 22 Running your ASP pages within Visual Studio –Run (play) button (F5) –only available to you on development PC using Internet Information Services (IIS) –makes PC a server –page available to all computers on internet

23. Mark Dixon Page 23 IIS - Installing IIS / personal web server on Windows CD Start, Settings, Control Panel, Add/Remove Programs Add/Remove Windows Components IIS

24. Mark Dixon Page 24 IIS: Enabling/Disabling Start, Settings, Control Panel, Administrative Tools, Internet Services Manager Stop Start

25. Mark Dixon Page 25 IIS: Exposing pages Put ASP pages in: –C:\INetPub\wwwRoot (this part of hard disk exposed to outside world) Execute pages by putting: –localhost (in web browser, e.g. IE, means local machine) ASP pages don't work by double-clicking

26. Mark Dixon Page 26 IIS – Date.asp localhost/test/date.aspx C:\INetPub\wwwRoot\Date.aspx

27. Mark Dixon Page 27 Tutorial Exercise: Login (client-side) LEARNING OBJECTIVE: see how vulnerable client-side code is Task 1: Get the Login (v1) example from the lecture working. Task 2: Use view source – you should be able to see the code.

28. Mark Dixon Page 28 Tutorial Exercise: Date LEARNING OBJECTIVE: create an ASP page, including HTML and server-side VB Script Task 1: Get the Date example from the lecture working. Task 2: Add code that displays good morning/afternoon/evening/night, depending on the time of day.

29. Mark Dixon Page 29 Tutorial Exercise: Student Loan LEARNING OBJECTIVE: create an ASP page, including HTML and server-side VB Script from scratch to solve a problem Task 1: Create a web page that allows the user to enter their salary and the computer calculates the annual and monthly payments for their student loan. Hint: Use your client-side code (from term 1), and the AddNum example from the lecture.

30. Mark Dixon Page 30 Tutorial Exercise: Login (client-side) LEARNING OBJECTIVE: create an ASP page, including HTML and server-side VB Script from scratch to solve a problem Task 1: Create a login page that uses server-side code to check the username and password entered by the user. Hint: Use the AddNum example as inspiration. Hint2: Use the following code to send the user to the homepage: Response.Redirect("Home.htm") Task 2: Use view source – you should NOT be able to see the code.

31. Mark Dixon Page 31 Tutorial Exercise: Apples LEARNING OBJECTIVE: use variables with specific data types in ASP code Task 1: Get the apples example (from the lecture) working. Task 2: Modify your program so that the user enters a number, and the code adds that number of apple images. Task 3: Modify your program so that the user enters another number, and the code adds a new line tag for that number of apples. Hint: Within the loop divide the number of apples by the second number, if the result is a whole number add a new line tag.