1. What’s the climate for dinner -- Shellfish …. or shell-less fish? Write-up your results. Your write-up should include: 1.Group member names 2.Methods (What did you do?) 3.Results (What did you find?) 4.Discussion (Why do you think you got the results you did?) 5.Conclusions (What is the outlook for shelled organisms if the changing climate makes oceans more acidic? Need we be concerned?) Many marine organisms make their shells and other hard parts from calcium carbonate, the same material you can find in Tums and many other antacids. Using available equipment in this classroom (including stopwatch features on your phones… ), design and test an experiment that will address and answer the question: What are some possible effects of decreasing ocean pH (acidifying oceans) on shelled marine organisms? http://www.travelpod.com/users/technotrekker/overland05.1127796780.03-clams.jpg

2. CLASSROOM GROUP EXPERIMENT & HW#2

3. Available experimental materials: Tums/antacid Vinegar Water Graduated cylinders pH indicator papers Cups Permanent marker Stop watch on you

4. pH Values of Common Household Materials 1.0 battery acid (sulfuric acid) 1.8-2.0 limes 2.2-2.4 lemon juice 2.2 vinegar (acetic acid) 2.9-3.3 apple juice, cola 3.0-3.5 strawberries 3.7 orange juice 4.0-4.5 tomatoes 5.6 unpolluted rain 5.8-6.4 peas 6.0-6.5 corn 6.4 cow's milk 6.5-7.5 human saliva 6.5-7.0 maple syrup 7.0 distilled water 7.3-7.5 human blood 7.3-8.2 sea water 7.6-8.0 egg whites 8.3 baking soda 10.5 milk of magnesia 11.0 laundry ammonia 12.0 lime water 13.0 lye 14.0 CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics © S. Olesik, WOW Project, Ohio State University, 2002. http://wow.osu.edu/experiments/chemistry/pH.html

5. http://www.cambridge.org/resources/0521538432/1488_218437.pdf

6. HW#2 – due on March 4 Please answer the following question using open book research and your own words, max 2 pages (you must provide references): Global conditions are: Increased CO 2 in the atmosphere, the ocean surface temperature increased by 1°C, and pH dropped by 0.2; Describe possible scenarios regarding changes in the ocean carbon pump and effects on the marine life! (Use the carbonate buffering system to describe possible changes and effects on ocean chemistry and biology. Explain if the carbon pump will increase or decrease; and if the pH will stabilize or continue to drop?)

7. Carbonate Buffering System