1. Genetics Complex Patterns of Inheritance

2. Incomplete dominance Neither trait is dominant over the other. A third phenotype is observed that is a combination. http://courses.bio.psu.edu/fall2005/biol110/tutorials/tutorial5_files/figure_14_9.gif

3. codominance Expression of both alleles Phenotypes of both traits are expressed Roan cows from a red parent and a white parent display both red and white appearance This roan horse is heterozygous for coat color. Its fur appears grey because it has a mixture of black and white hairs, not because the individual hair colors are grey.

4. sex determination Determined by sex chromosomes In humans, the chromosomes XX code for a girl while XY is a boy

5. Sex-linked inheritance Traits are controlled by genes located on the sex chromosomes White eyes in fruit flies Hemophilia and color blindness in humans

6. references http://www.biologycorner.com/bio4/notes/beyon d_mendel.php Information on inheritance patterns as presented for and by Mrs. Muskopf's Bio4A website http://www2.edc.org/weblabs/Punnett/punnetts quares.html Activity on practicing using Punnett Squaresctivity on practicing using Punnett Squares