1. Introduction to Media Studies SoSe 2011 Mag. Klaus Heissenberger North American Literary and Cultural Studies Universität des Saarlandes

2. Femininities and masculinities? Historical variability and changes in -the cultural meanings or interpretations of femininity and masculinity -the cultural representations of masculinity and femininity Sexuality, ethnicity, class, etc.!

3. Femininities and masculinities? Representation constructed through difference s : - not just masculine vs. feminine: straight vs. gay white vs. non-white class differences age etc.

4. Femininities and masculinities? ‘dominant’ or ‘hegemonic’ femininity & masculinity the norm(al) (default, standard, etc.) = the ‘invisible’... vs. ‘marginal,’ ‘deviant,’ ‘subordinate,’ ‘non-dominant,’ ‘non- hegemonic’ femininities and masculinities Different explanations: e.g. discourse (Michel Foucault) > construction of gendered subject positions by discourses

5. I Love Lucy (1951)

6. Father Knows Best (1954)

7. Bewitched (1964)

8. Mary Tyler Moore (1970)

9. The ‘sex-gender division’ > cultural representations : cultural images & texts political concept

10. Ellen (1994)

11. Queer as Folk (2000)

12. The L-Word (2004)

15. Mad Men (2007)

19. The circuit of culture Paul Du Gay, Stuart Hall, Linda Janes, Hugh Mackay, und Keith Negus. Doing Cultural Studies. The Story of the Sony Walkman. London: Sahe/The Open University, 1997.

20. Cultural Studies: Culture, representation, identity and power culture representation identity power

21. Pretty Woman (Gary Marshall, 1990) Observation task: What is shown in which order? In which ways? HOW are the introductory scenes filmed?... Esp. camera position

22. Looking and visual culture vision vs. visuality representation conventionality identity and difference ----------------------------------------- see: Walker/Chaplin Sturken/Cartwright

23. Looking and visual culture vision vs. visuality representation conventionality identity and difference ------------------------------ > power! ----------------------------------------- see: Walker/Chaplin Sturken/Cartwright Visual culture & visual cultural studies: power = hierarchically constructed ways of seeing/looking

24. Looking and visual culture John Berger, Ways of Seeing (1972) BBC documentary and book

25. Looking and differences Amerigo Vespucci (1454-1512) landing in America, engraved by Theodor Galle (1571-1633) after Stradanus (Jan van der Straet) (1523–1605)

29. Rear Window (1954, Alfred Hitchcock)

30. Looking and visual culture gender: Laura Mulvey, “Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema” (1975) Concept of the ‘male gaze’: pleasure in mainstream cinema (e.g. Hollywood) is produced via a male/masculine viewing position: male gaze = controlling, voyeuristic and narcissistic look which identifies with the camera position feminist project: “destruction of pleasure” ----------------------------- reader: Sturken/Cartwright

31. Peeping Tom (Mitchell Powell, 1960)