1. An Introduction to Programming with C++ Fifth Edition
Chapter 11
Arrays

2. Objectives Declare and initialize a one-dimensional array
Manipulate a one-dimensional array
Explain the bubble sort algorithm
Pass a one-dimensional array to a function
Use parallel one-dimensional arrays
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

3. Objectives (continued)
Declare and initialize a two-dimensional array
Enter data into a two-dimensional array
Search a two-dimensional array
Utilize a one-dimensional array in a .NET C++ program
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

4. Concept Lesson Using Arrays One-Dimensional Arrays
Storing Data in a One-Dimensional Array
Manipulating One-Dimensional Arrays
Passing a One-Dimensional Array to a Function
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

5. Concept Lesson (continued)
Using Parallel One-Dimensional Arrays
Two-Dimensional Arrays
Storing Data in a Two-Dimensional Array
Searching a Two-Dimensional Array
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

6. Using Arrays
Simple variable is unrelated to other variables in computer’s internal memory
Also called a scalar variable
Array is a group of variables
Same name and data type
Variables are related in some way
Most commonly used
One-dimensional
Three-dimensional
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

7. One-Dimensional Arrays
Visualize a one-dimensional array as a column of variables
Subscript (or index) identifies each variable
Indicates the variable’s position in the array
Subscript of first variable is 0
Begin by populating the array so it does not contain garbage
Element
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

8. One-Dimensional Arrays (continued)
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

9. Storing Data in a One-Dimensional Array
Can use an assignment statement to enter data into an array
See Figure 11-3
Can use >> and getline()
See Figure 11-4
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

10. Storing Data in a One-Dimensional Array (continued)
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

11. Storing Data in a One-Dimensional Array (continued)
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

12. Storing Data in a One-Dimensional Array (continued)
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

13. Manipulating One-Dimensional Arrays
Common array manipulation functions
Display the contents of an array
Access an array element using its subscript
Search an array
Calculate the average of the data stored in an array
Find the highest value stored in an array
Update the array elements
Sort the array elements using bubble sort
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

14. Displaying the Contents of a One-Dimensional Array
Function may need simply to display the contents of an array
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

15. Displaying the Contents of a One-Dimensional Array (continued)
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

16. Using the Subscript to Access an Element in a One-Dimensional Array
Before accessing element, verify if subscript is valid
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

17. Searching a One-Dimensional Array
Sales manager wants to determine the number of salespeople selling above a specific amount
Function searches the sales array
Array contains amount sold by each salesperson
Look for values greater than the amount provided by sales manager
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

18. Searching a One-Dimensional Array (continued)
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

19. Calculating the Average Amount Stored in a One-Dimensional Numeric Array
Prof. Jeremiah wants to calculate and display average test score earned by students on final
Function adds test scores that are stored in array
Then, divide sum by number of elements
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

20. Calculating the Average Amount Stored in a One-Dimensional Numeric Array (continued)
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

21. Determining the Highest Value Stored in a One-Dimensional Array
Sharon Johnson keeps track of the amount of money she earns each week
Function displays highest amount earned in a week
Stores pay amounts in a one-dimensional array
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

22. Determining the Highest Value Stored in a One-Dimensional Array (continued)
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

23. Updating the Values Stored in a One-Dimensional Array
Sales manager at Jillian Company wants a function that increases the price of each item company sells
Function stores prices in a one-dimensional array
Then, increase value stored in each element
Also, display each item’s new price on screen
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

24. Updating the Values Stored in a One-Dimensional Array (continued)
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

25. Sorting the Values Stored in a One-Dimensional Array
Arranging data in a specific order is called sorting
Ascending or descending order
Bubble sort is quick and easy (for small arrays)
Adjacent elements that are out of order are swapped
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

26. Sorting the Values Stored in a One-Dimensional Array (continued)
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

27. Sorting the Values Stored in a One-Dimensional Array (continued)
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

28. Sorting the Values Stored in a One-Dimensional Array (continued)
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

29. Sorting the Values Stored in a One-Dimensional Array (continued)
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

30. Sorting the Values Stored in a One-Dimensional Array (continued)
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

31. Sorting the Values Stored in a One-Dimensional Array (continued)
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

32. Sorting the Values Stored in a One-Dimensional Array (continued)
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

33. Passing a One-Dimensional Array to a Function
By default, scalar variables are passed by value
To pass by reference, use address-of (&) operator
Arrays in C++ are passed by reference
More efficient
Address of first element is passed to function
Address-of operator is not used
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

34. Passing a One-Dimensional Array to a Function (continued)
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

35. Using Parallel One-Dimensional Arrays
Takoda Tapahe wants a program that displays the price of the item whose product ID she enters
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

36. Using Parallel One-Dimensional Arrays (continued)
Parallel arrays are two or more arrays whose elements are related by their position in the arrays
Related by their subscript
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

37. Using Parallel One-Dimensional Arrays (continued)
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

38. Using Parallel One-Dimensional Arrays (continued)
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

39. Two-Dimensional Arrays
Two-dimensional array resembles a table
Elements are in rows and columns
Each element is identified by two subscripts
Subscripts specify the variable’s row and column position in the array
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

40. Two-Dimensional Arrays (continued)
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

41. Two-Dimensional Arrays (continued)
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

42. Storing Data in a Two-Dimensional Array
You can use an assignment statement to enter data into a two-dimensional array
Or use >> and getline()
Use two loops to access every element in a two-dimensional array
One loop tracks row subscript
Other loop tracks column subscript
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

43. Storing Data in a Two-Dimensional Array (continued)
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

44. Storing Data in a Two-Dimensional Array (continued)
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

45. Storing Data in a Two-Dimensional Array (continued)
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

46. Searching a Two-Dimensional Array
Two one-dimensional (parallel) arrays can be replaced with one two-dimensional array
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

47. Searching a Two-Dimensional Array (continued)
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

48. Searching a Two-Dimensional Array (continued)
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

49. Searching a Two-Dimensional Array (continued)
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

50. Summary
An array is a group of variables that have the same name and data type and are related in some way
One-dimensional
Visualize as a column of variables
Two-dimensional
Visualize as a table
You must declare an array before you can use it
Each elements in a one-dimensional array is assigned a subscript
First element has subscript 0
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

51. Summary (continued)
Parallel arrays are two or more arrays whose elements are related by their subscript in the arrays
To create a two-dimensional array specify the number of rows and columns
Each element is identified by two subscripts
First subscript represents the element’s row location
Second subscript represents its column location
Use two loops to access every element in a two-dimensional array
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition

52. Application Lesson: Using Arrays in a C++ Program
Lab 11.1: Stop and Analyze
Lab 11.2
Program should either display the monthly rainfall amounts on the screen or calculate and display the total rainfall amount
Lab 11.3
Modified program will use a value-returning function, calcTotal(), to calculate the total rainfall amount
Lab 11.4: Desk-Check Lab
Lab 11.5: Debugging Lab
An Introduction to Programming with C++, Fifth Edition