1. 6/18/2015Andrew Frank1 Process in Ontology for the Analysis of the Cadastre Andrew U. Frank Geoinformation TU Vienna frank@geoinfo.tuwien.ac.at Overheads at: http://www.geoinfo.tuwien.ac.at/presentations/frank.htm

2. 6/18/2015Andrew Frank2 Overview The Ontology Ladder Modeling Process Grounding

3. 6/18/2015Andrew Frank3 The Ontology Ladder Concepts Process Judgments

4. 6/18/2015Andrew Frank4 Concepts are difficult to compare and describe Humans have difficulty to see the small differences in concepts; we are trained to understand the commonality.

5. 6/18/2015Andrew Frank5 Modeling Process Process in cadastre is very important; process is where transaction cost occur. Used in the COST action G9 in the practical description and in theoretical analysis.

6. 6/18/2015Andrew Frank6 Grounding of Process Question: how do the symbolic representation link to the real world. This requires two steps: –Grounding of representation for physical world observations –Grounding of legal terms with respect to the description of the physical world

7. 6/18/2015Andrew Frank7 Close loop semantics Grounding of representation of physical world observations and interaction are based on the cycle: Observe reality Mental operations Actions changing reality Reaction of world and it recommences with observation of reality.

8. 6/18/2015Andrew Frank8 Closed loop semantics Closing the loop with observations and actions links the real world to the mental representation: We can observe differences between our mental concepts and reality and correct mental representation.

9. 6/18/2015Andrew Frank9 X means Y in the context Z John Searle grounded the meaning of social reality (i.e. legal institutions) by linking it to physical objects or acts. Signing a document means ‘selling’ a ‘parcel’ in the context of a legal system. The ‘means’ in the above sentence is a judgment!

10. 6/18/2015Andrew Frank10 Research question “X means Y in the context Z” The X can be either a physical object or action (speech acts) or a “Y” in another formula: Example: A corporation can buy a parcel. My hypothesis: there are no freestanding Y terms (i.e y-terms without X)