1. Thejo Kote

2. Problem Unreliable, unpredictable and intermittent piped water supply 33% 90% 33% Urban areas with intermittent piped water supply (%)

3. Water Utility Valve Areas Valvemen Individual Households

4. Water Utility Valve Areas Valvemen Individual Households

5. Water Utility Valve Areas Valvemen Individual Households

6. Water Utility Valve Areas Valvemen Individual Households

7. Water Utility Valve Areas Valvemen Individual Households

8. Water Utility Valve Areas Valvemen Individual Households

9. Water Utility Valve Areas Valvemen Individual Households

11. Household Costs Lose hours waiting Use unsafe borewell water Buy water at higher costs Keep children out of school Miss weddings, funerals, voting

12. Coping costs borne disproportionately by the poor

13. Utility Costs Cannot inform consumers about delivery Corruption among valve-men Slow to identify and address delays Conversion to continuous supply prohibitively expensive Image: E. Lakshmi Narayanan, The Hindu

14. The NextDrop Solution Leveraging the ubiquity of mobile phones to provide a timely, reliable information system for households Provide water utilities with a cost-effective information system to manage irregular supply of piped water http://www.flickr.com/photos/travel_aficionado/3185458618/

15. NextDrop Pilot: Hubli, India

16. Baseline study

17. Pilot: 2010 Engaging communities to participate and send updates Information crowdsourced from and verified by 180 participants in 7 valve areas Real-time updates when water starts flowing Collected 250 data points and sent 50 water timing updates

18. Comparative Study of SMS and IVR Systems

19. NextDrop improves this information flow by collecting and aggregating in real-time knowledge about water timings, and making the data accessible to city residents and utility employees. The complexity of water delivery is currently recorded on paper data logs Information is rarely aggregated and recorded timings are often inaccurate

20. NextDrop Solution: Partnering with the Water Utility Engineer Valveman

21. Valvemen update system Valvemen at multiple levels update NextDrop through the interactive voice response system Automated information collection and analysis

22. Engineers see real time updates Centralized dashboard provides real-time updates to engineers and residents. Allows engineers to address problems as they come up.

23. Residents receive SMS updates Types of information contained in text messages to residents: “Water will arrive in 30-60 minutes” “Water is flowing now” “There is a last-minute change to the schedule”

24. Feedback Loop Provides Real-Time Data NextDrop collects crowd- sourced updates Provides the water utility feedback on true water delivery outcomes

25. Social Impact Households save time, reduce stress and improve health outcomes Introduce transparency and accountability into the system Water utilities will reduce corruption and increase efficiency Over a 5 year period NPV of Social Benefits $15.9 million Approx. $45 million accounting for PPP 550,600 days of missed school averted Social Benefit to Cost ratio 7.4 : 1

26. Future Opportunities Electricity Irrigation Water Food and Aid Shipments Pension Payments Public distribution system

27. Thank you http://nextdrop.org

28. Social Return on Investment