1. Classroom Technology Work at University of Washington Richard Anderson (UW) Ruth Anderson (UVa) Steve Wolfman (UBC)

2. Educational Technology …in the winter of 1813 & '14 … I attended a mathematical school kept in Boston…On entering his room, we were struck at the appearance of an ample Black Board suspended on the wall, with lumps of chalk on a ledge below, and cloths hanging at either side. I had never heard of such a thing before. [Samuel J. May, 1855]

3. Goal: Improve interaction in the classroom Provide flexible mechanism for delivery presentation Support interaction between student and instructor devices around presentation materials

4. Classroom Presenter Integration of slides and digital ink using Tablet PC Key ideas: Ink overlay on images Distributed application Many other systems also support ink and slides

5. Ink Usage In Exposition Initial motivation Increase flexibility of slide based presentation Adjust presentation in response to the audience

6. When is ink important? Ink is NOT always important for slide based presentation Classroom presentation is different from professional / conference / meeting presentation Ink is important when: The instructor interacts with the audience Displayed material is the focus of attention

7. Examples of Ink Usage Slides from selected university courses Demonstrate range of use in class

8. Attentional ink and incidental writing

9. Writing with mathematical content

10. Stepping through example

11. Diagram augmentation

12. Diagram Augmentation Instructor view

13. Rich Diagrams

14. Fill-in simulation

15. Process Trace

16. Collective Brainstorming

17. Collective Brainstorm Instructor View

18. Ink based demonstration Quikwrite [Perlin, NYU]

19. Instructor notes Different layers available in different views Base, Instructor, Student, Shared PPT Plug in allows creation of notes

20. Presenter Configurations Single Machine (1 Tablet PC) Direct projection from instructor view Single view, tethered Projection of second monitor from tablet Multiple views, but tethered Multiple Machine (1 Tablet PC + Other devices) Wireless connection to display view Multiple views, untethered Distance learning and integration with student devices

21. Presenter Features Tablet PC Ink Multiple Colors Highlighter Stroke Erase Page Erase Undo Slide Minimize Whiteboard Multiple Decks Filmstrip Navigation Slide previews Ink Export

22. Form factor issues Carrying the tablet while lecturing Some like to carry the tablet, others don’t Weight and size are issues Eye gaze is a problem Vision angle and reflection can be problems for instructor Tablet button fumbles “And I see Windows is shutting down” “Here is the Australian view”

23. Interaction with student devices Student note taking Classroom Presenter Student View, RemarkableText (Brown U.), One Note Embedded Classroom Activities SIP (Structured Interaction Presentations) Student Submissions

24. Resources cs.washington.edu/education/dl/presenter/ Software Downloads Papers Contact info Richard Anderson, anderson@cs.washington.eduanderson@cs.washington.edu Ruth Anderson, ruth@cs.virginia.eduruth@cs.virginia.edu Steve Wolfman, wolf@cs.washington.eduwolf@cs.washington.edu

25. Student Submissions with Classroom Presenter Ruth Anderson

26. Student Submissions Students annotate slide Submit ink to instructor Instructor selectively displays student responses to the class Motivation: to promote student involvement with lecture

27. Trace the path of Lewis and Clark from Saint Louis to Astoria

28. Find the roots of x 2 + 3x + 4

29. Show that increasing supply of housing lowers equilibrium price p Q D,Q S pepe 100

30. Student Submissions Supports Active Learning where students with Tablet PCs can complete an activity submit anonymously student work reviewed/discussed/augmented selectively by instructor electronic copy of student work available after class use rich backgrounds and color

31. Preliminary experiences Problem solving in parallel Multiple solutions and misconceptions Allow independent work Spontaneous activities with structure Build on instructor designs or scaffolding

33. Uncover Common Errors

34. Compare Different Approaches

35. Use Background Slide & Color

36. Solve Different Problems in Parallel

37. Problem Solving

38. Assessment of Student Learning

39. Spontaneous Activities

40. Resources cs.washington.edu/education/dl/presenter/ Software Downloads Papers Contact info Richard Anderson, anderson@cs.washington.eduanderson@cs.washington.edu Ruth Anderson, ruth@cs.virginia.eduruth@cs.virginia.edu Steve Wolfman, wolf@cs.washington.eduwolf@cs.washington.edu

41. Steve Wolfman Structured Interaction Presentations

42. Modern Pedagogy vs. Modern Practice active learning participatory interactive student-directed lecture instructor-dominated passive disconnected

43. Goals of Structured Interaction Presentation System (SIP) Keep best of PPT & augment interaction Integrate into the “mediating” slides Support intuitive and flexible design Facilitate interaction in class Enable new kinds of interaction Make design and execution of interactive presentations as easy as for passive ones.

54. Try Your Hand Are these on the same or distinct topics? Which would you rather discuss? Of those who died from receiving the vaccine, what percentage had compro- mised immune systems? What are the death rates for specific groups who received this vaccine?

55. Group Members

56. Group “Winners”

58. Related Work: KLAs Active learning [Bonwell & Eison] Active learning in CS [McConnell] “Manipulatives” [Hollingsworth] Computerless labs [Pollard & Forbes] Learning Styles Index [Felder & Silverman] Sensorimotor learning [Piaget]

59. Related Systems ActiveClass [Griswold] Cell-phone feedback [Brittain] ClassTalk [Dufresne] Pebbles [Myers] Debbie/DyKnow [Berque] WILD [Roschelle]

60. Related Pedagogy Classroom Assessment Techniques [Angelo & Cross] CATs in Computer Science [Schwarm & VanDeGrift] Cooperative/Collaborative Learning [Johnson & Johnson]

61. SIP Architecture Presentation design environment Presentation/ Widget database Instructor view Viewer scrnsht Viewer scrnsht Viewer scrnsht Student views Interactive widget design environment