1. Cancer II

2. Six ways of losing the remaining good copy of a tumor suppressor gene

3. When proto-oncogene becomes overactive it becomes an oncogene

4. Myc Gene Amplification

5. Mitogens stimulate G1-Cdk and G1/S-Cdk activities

7. Ocogene collaboration in transgenic mice

8. Viruses May cause Cancer Papillomavirus causes warts and subverts the control of cell division

9. Pap smears normalabnormalinvasive

10. How papillomaviruses are thought to give rise to cancer of the uterine cervix

11. Activation of cell proliferation by DNA tumor virus

12. Sequence of genetic changes underlying the development of a colorectal carcinoma

13. Each tumor will contain a different set of mutations

14. Effect of ionizing radiation on normal and cancer cells

16. Chapter 19 Cell Junctions, Cell Adhesion, and the Extracellular Matrix

17. Cross sectional view of intestinal wall

18. Tracer molecules can not cross tight junctions

19. Structure of tight junction

20. Electron Micrograph of tight junctions

21. Model of tight junction

22. Claudins are main component of sealing strands

23. Anchoring junctions in an epithelium

24. Anchoring junctions are formed by proteins

26. Cadherins connect actin filaments of different cells

27. DVD Clip 82

28. Desmosomes and hemidesmosomes both link to intermediate filaments

29. Cadherins also bind intermediate filaments together

31. Integrins link extracellular matrix to cytoskeleton

32. Size of gap junction channel can be determined with fluorescent molecules of different sizes

33. A Gap junction connexon is made up of 6 transmembrane connexin subunits

34. Images of gap junctions

35. The permeability of gap junctions can be regulated dopamine treatment reduces permeability of gap junctions to a fluorescent dye

36. Summary of cell junctions found in the cell

38. In plant cells plasmodesmata perform many of the same functions as gap junctions

39. View of plasmodesmata

40. Structure of Cadherin – responsible for cell to cell adhesion in vertebrate cells

41. Ca 2+ is required to establish cell to cell connection through cadherin

42. Three mechanisms that mediate cell-cell adhesion least common cadherins

43. Cadherins allow cells to sort themselves

44. Catenins join cadherins to actin filaments in adherence junctions

45. Summary of junctional and non-junctional adhesive mechanisms