1. Replicação na presença de erros

6. Recombination at the Molecular Level Breakage and joining also directed by enzymes. Homologous recombination occurs during synapsis in meiosis I, general recombination in bacteria, and viral genetic exchange. Molecular mechanism proposed by Holliday and Whitehouse (1964). Depends on complementary base pairing.

12. RecA protein-mediated DNA synapsis Rec A has multiple DNA binding sites, hence can hold a single strand and a double helix together Rec A is also a DNA-dependent ATPase

15. Recombinational DNA repair

16. Site-specific recombination

18. Integração ou excisão de um bacteriofago

24. Replicative transposition – the element moves a copy of itself to a new site via a DNA intermediate Conservative transposition – the element itself moves from the donor site into the target site

25. Retrotransposition – the element makes na RNA copy of itself which is reversed transcribed into a DNA which is then inserted

26. When IS elements get it together: composite transposons Two IS elements flank an antibiotic resistance gene Tn10 (E.coli)