1. Process Systems Engineering Korea Gas Safety Corporation Simulator Development of Virtual Experience and Accident Scenarios of Hydrogen Stations for Safety Accident Scenarios of Hydrogen Stations for Safety 2007 ICHS 13th September, 2007 Eun-Jung Kim 1 Young-Gyu Kim 1, Il Moon 2, Ji-Yoon Kim 1 1 Institute of Gas Safety R&D, Korea Gas Safety Corporation 2 Chemical Engineering, Yonsei University

2. Process Systems Engineering Korea Gas Safety Corporation About KGS Safety Check-up & Diagnosis Safety Check-up & Diagnosis Gas Safety Education & Training Gas Safety R&D Gas Appliance Inspection& Inspection&Certification Gas Appliance Inspection& Inspection&Certification Gas Safety Total Services Gas Safety Total Services Gas Facilities Inspection

3. Contents Ⅰ. The Present Status of Hydrogen Stations in Korea H2H2 H2H2 H2H2 H2H2 H2H2 Ⅱ. Simulator Development Ⅳ. Future Plans Ⅲ. Conclusions

4. Ⅰ. The Present Status of Hydrogen Stations in Korea Hydrogen Stations in Korea

5. 2007 ICHS Ⅰ. Trend in research □ First policy measures toward hydrogen in 1992   16 research fields   Support 7million dollars from 1992 to 2002   Hydrogen research started in the latter of the 80’s   Limited to a basic research like hydrogen manufacture ·storage·utilization □ First Hydrogen fueling stations constructed in □ First Hydrogen fueling stations constructed in 2003 □ Started on full-scale hydrogen safety research in □ Started on full-scale hydrogen safety research in 2006

6. 2007 ICHS Ⅰ. The status of construction □ Hydrogen stations (present 5) construction construction (under construction inclusive) (under construction inclusive) planned (until 2008) planned (until 2008) - 2006 : The Metropolitan Area - 2007 : Wind power plant complex with Electrolysis type with Electrolysis type - 2008 : Southern area Truck-in type Naptha Reforming Compressed Gas LPG Reforming Natural Gas Reforming Seoul Incheon Yongin Daejeon Yosu Ulsan Cheju

7. 2007 ICHS Ⅰ. The status of construction □ KIER H 2 station (Compressed Hydrogen Delivery) (Compressed Hydrogen Delivery) □ Yonsei University H 2 station (Naptha Reforming) (Naptha Reforming) hydrogenStation size type supply FCV 2005 2010 2015202020302040 30Nm 3 /hr→200 Nm 3 /hr or over ON-SITE Use of Electrolysis type Pipeline hydrogen application motorcar 3,200 /bus200 1,500,000 3,000,000 9,000,000 10501700340010,000

8. 2007 ICHS Ⅰ. A policy of hydrogen stations in Korea □ Concentrated on fuelcell technology development and supply and supply □ Should accomplish hydrogen safety research □ Should prepare hydrogen standards and risk assessment guidelines for installing hydrogen facilities □ Barriers  The Public recognize that hydrogen is dangerous materials  NGO oppose to construct H 2 stations  The absence of standards for hydrogen facilities

9. 2007 ICHS Ⅰ. CNG station accident CNG Station accident   Date : 2005. 1. 27 2005. 8.19   Loss of property   These accidents took place just after filling the cylinder and cylinder were ruptured.

10. 2007 ICHS Ⅰ. LPG station accident LPG Station explosion accident   Date : 1998. 9. 11   Casualties : death 1 injured 83   Breakaway from the tank lorry during gas filling

11. 2007 ICHS 『 Hydrogen·Fuelcell safety 』 Research  Hydrogen fueling station standards  FCV fueling supply system standards  Fuelcell standards for manufacture and installation Standards Development Legislation for Hydrogen safety code 2006.8~2008.7 2008.8~2009.7 Ⅰ. Hydrogen safety standards in Korea

12. Ⅱ. Simulator Development

13. 2007 ICHS Ⅱ. Background □ A part of □ A part of 『 Hydrogen·Fuelcell safety 』 Research □ The 1 st simulator development finished 2007.6 □ The 2 nd step will be started from 2007.10 to 2008. 5 □ The 3 rd step will be started from 2008.10 to 2009. 5 □ It will be accomplished as results of this project and will be open to public and will be open to public

14. 2007 ICHS Ⅱ. Objectives □ Virtual reality of 4 type H 2 stations constructed in Korea □ User navigate freely through the H 2 stations and experience station operation □ Detailed 3D Modeling for major equipments in the station □ Freely Select the equipments and magnifying·rotating· reducing in 3-D □ Accident Prediction by accidents scenario modeling in H 2 stations Reduce a feeling of insecurity for H 2 Application for training and publicity work Reduce a feeling of insecurity for H 2 Application for training and publicity work

15. 2007 ICHS Ⅱ. Overview H 2 energy information Virtual Reality Experience H 2 Station information Accident simulation

16. 2007 ICHS Ⅱ. Virtual Reality Modules First Screen Virtual Reality Execution Screen and Menu Explanation □ Major Equipments in H 2 station Detailed 3D modeling for Station Equipments like H 2 production equipment, compressor, H 2 storage, dispenser

17. 2007 ICHS Ⅱ. Natural Gas Reforming Type   Process Flow viewing from H2 production process to fueling   Move to select process by clicking   Detailed explanation about selected equipments and process   select the equipment and freely rotate, magnify, reduce event

18. 2007 ICHS Ⅱ. LPG Reforming Type A LPG reforming type station view and dispenser A LPG Tank lorry fuel transmission facility   Construction in SK Research Center

19. 2007 ICHS Ⅱ. Naptha Reforming Type   H 2 producing type by reforming conveyed liquid Naptha   Expected to be completed by next week   The only H 2 station in Seoul H 2 station

20. 2007 ICHS Ⅱ. Compressed H 2 delivery type   conveyed H 2 to the station by tube trailer is stored at compressed cylinder of 492kg/ ㎠   Fueled to FCV as 350kg/ ㎠ pressure   Consisted of tube trailer, compressor, dispenser   User can navigate in the station and rotate by selecting equipment   The first H 2 station in Korea   Now operating from 2006

21. 2007 ICHS Ⅱ. Object View   Control Rendering mode about major equipments Basic rendering transparency wire frame mode   Wire-frame mode that user can easily understand composition of equipments by expressing the frame   Transparency mode that view the inside by expressing equipments transparently

22. 2007 ICHS □ Choose the possible 20 accidents scenarios in the station □ Simulation accident scenario by applying ANSYS company’s CFX Program □ The CFD results applied Visual Reality technology Ⅱ. Accident Scenario □ Example Scenario H 2 release during fueling by the dispenser damage (in case the wind doesn’t blow) After 0.1 sec After 0.5 sec After 0.4 sec

23. 2007 ICHS Ⅱ. Supplementation □ Limits in the accident simulation by applying CFX □ Execute the Dynamic Simulation by using FLACS □ FLACS program enable to simulate explosion and fire in the H 2 station

24. 2007 ICHS □ Application Program The Use of EON reality company EON Studio(version 5.5) □ Use the EON Studio on the web application Ⅱ. Program Configuration and management manager System operator server user internet client

25. Ⅲ. Conclusions

26. 2007 ICHS Ⅲ. Conclusions □ User can experience the operation of a H 2 stations □ Safety training and publicity about H 2 station to public □ Reduce the feel of insecurity of H 2 safety □ Learn the accident’s type and emergency response plans from a scenario simulation □ Application to prepare standards of the H 2 station

27. Ⅳ. Future Plans

28. 2007 ICHS Ⅳ. Future Plans □ Construct virtual reality modules of H 2 stations abroad   The type that does not constructed in Korea □ Development of H 2 safety training content modules   Materials related to H 2 energy □ The modules of standards and regulations related to H 2 safety   Materials from all countries of the world

29. 2007 ICHS