1. Lecture Topic - Hydrology Introduction to Hydrology Reservoir Storage CE-321 Introduction to Environmental Engineering

4. HYDROGRAPH

7. Reservoir Storage

8. Water Storage PROBLEMS in Alaska

9. Reservoir Storage Predicting the capacity of a reservoir –Tabular Method –Graphic Method Two examples: Water Storage - Reservoir

10. Reservoir Storage Tabular Method Month Inflow (I) (MG/mi^2/mo) OutFlow (O) (MG/mi^2/mo) Cumulative Inflow (Graphical) (MG/mi^2) Deficiency I – O (MG/mi^2) Cumulative Deficiency Feb31.0 Mar54.0 Apr90.0 May10.0 Jun7.0 Jul8.0 Aug2.0 Sep28.0 Oct42.0 Nov108.0 Dec98.0 Jan22.0 Feb50.0

11. Reservoir Storage Tabular Method Month Inflow (I) (MG/mi^2/mo) OutFlow (O) (MG/mi^2/mo) Cumulative Inflow (Graphical) (MG/mi^2) Deficiency I – O (MG/mi^2) Cumulative Deficiency (MG/mi^2) Feb31.037.3 Mar54.037.3 Apr90.037.3 May10.037.3 Jun7.037.3 Jul8.037.3 Aug2.037.3 Sep28.037.3 Oct42.037.3 Nov108.037.3 Dec98.037.3 Jan22.037.3 Feb50.037.3

12. Reservoir Storage Tabular Method Month Inflow (I) (MG/mi^2/mo) OutFlow (O) (MG/mi^2/mo) Cumulative Inflow (Graphical) (MG/mi^2) Deficiency I – O (MG/mi^2) Cumulative Deficiency Feb31.037.3 Mar54.037.3 Apr90.037.3 May10.037.3 Jun7.037.3 Jul8.037.3 Aug2.037.3202.0 Sep28.037.3230.0 Oct42.037.3272.0 Nov108.037.3380.0 Dec98.037.3478.0 Jan22.037.3500.0 Feb50.037.3550.0

13. Reservoir Storage Tabular Method Month Inflow (I) (MG/mi^2/mo) OutFlow (O) (MG/mi^2/mo) Cumulative Inflow (Graphical) (MG/mi^2) Deficiency I – O (MG/mi^2) Cumulative Deficiency Feb31.037.3 Mar54.037.3 Apr90.037.3 May10.037.3 Jun7.037.3 Jul8.037.3 Aug2.037.3202.0-35.3-122.2 Sep28.037.3230.0-9.3-131.5 Oct42.037.3272.04.7-126.8 Nov108.037.3380.070.7-56.1 Dec98.037.3478.060.70.0 Jan22.037.3500.0-15.3 Feb50.037.3550.012.7-2.6

14. Reservoir Storage Tabular Method

15. Month Inflow (I) (MG/mi^2/mo) OutFlow (O) (MG/mi^2/mo) Cumulative Inflow (Graphical) (MG/mi^2) Deficiency I – O (MG/mi^2) Cumulative Deficiency Feb31.037.331.0-6.3 Mar54.037.385.016.70.0 Apr90.037.3175.052.70.0 May10.037.3185.0-27.3 Jun7.037.3192.0-30.3-59.6 Jul8.037.3200.0-29.3-86.9 Aug2.037.3202.0-35.3-122.2 Sep28.037.3230.0-9.3-131.5 Oct42.037.3272.04.7-126.8 Nov108.037.3380.070.7-56.1 Dec98.037.3478.060.70.0 Jan22.037.3500.0-15.3 Feb50.037.3550.012.7-2.6

16. Reservoir Storage To construct 1.Plot Monthly Flow, Cumulative - Line OA 2.Construct a Draft Line, used for comparison - Line OC

17. Reservoir Storage 3.Tangents are constructed Parallel to OC  When the slope of OA is less than that of the tangents the reservoir volume is decreasing  When the slope is greater the volume is increasing  The distance between adjacent tangents represents the volume added or withdrawn during the intervening period 4.The largest withdrawal would indicate the capacity of the a reservoir needed to serve a community.

18. Reservoir Storage

20. In both cases you look for data during a drought period

21. Class Problem DRAFT = 2.0 m^3/s (flow to meet water demand)28 day month282419200sec/28 day month 230 day month302592000sec/30 day month 31 day month312678400sec/31 day month MonthInflow (I) (m^3/s)Inflow (I) (m^3/month) OutFlow (O) (Draft) (m^3/month) Cumulative Inflow (m^3) (Graphical) Deficiency I - O (m^3) Cumulative Deficiency (m^3) Aug (31)1.70 Sep1.56 Oct (31)1.56 Nov2.04 Dec (31)2.35 Jan (31)2.89 Feb (28)9.57 March (31)17.70 April16.40 May (31)6.83 June3.74 July (31)1.60 Aug (31)1.13 Sept1.13 Oct (31)1.42 Nov1.98 Dec (31)2.12 Jan (31)1.78 Feb (28)1.95 March (31)7.25 April24.70 May (31)6.26 June8.92 July (31)3.57 Aug (31)1.98 Sept1.95 Oct (31)3.09 Nov3.94 Dec (31)12.70

22. DRAFT = 2.0 m^3/s (flow to meet water demand)28 day month282419200sec/28 day month 230 day month302592000sec/30 day month 31 day month312678400sec/31 day month MonthInflow (I) (m^3/s)Inflow (I) (m^3/month) OutFlow (O) (Draft) (m^3/month) Aug (31)1.70 4.55E+065.36E+06 Sep1.56 Oct (31)1.56 Nov2.04 Dec (31)2.35 Jan (31)2.89 Feb (28)9.57 March (31)17.70 April16.40 May (31)6.83 June3.74 July (31)1.60 Aug (31)1.13 Sept1.132.93E+065.18E+06 Oct (31)1.423.80E+065.36E+06 Nov1.985.13E+065.18E+06 Dec (31)2.125.68E+065.36E+06 Jan (31)1.784.77E+065.36E+06 Feb (28)1.954.72E+064.84E+06 March (31)7.251.94E+075.36E+06 April24.706.40E+075.18E+06 May (31)6.261.68E+075.36E+06 June8.922.31E+075.18E+06 July (31)3.579.56E+065.36E+06 Aug (31)1.985.30E+065.36E+06 Sept1.955.05E+065.18E+06 Oct (31)3.098.28E+065.36E+06 Nov3.941.02E+075.18E+06 Dec (31)12.703.40E+075.36E+06

23. MonthInflow (I) (m^3/s)Inflow (I) (m^3/month) OutFlow (O) (Draft) (m^3/month) Cumulative Inflow (m^3) (Graphical) Deficiency I - O (m^3) Cumulative Deficiency (m^3) Aug (31)1.704.55E+065.36E+064.55E+06 Sep1.56 Oct (31)1.56 Nov2.04 Dec (31)2.35 Jan (31)2.89 Feb (28)9.57 March (31)17.70 April16.40 May (31)6.83 June3.74 July (31)1.60 Aug (31)1.13 Sept1.132.93E+065.18E+061.83E+08 Oct (31)1.423.80E+065.36E+061.87E+08 Nov1.985.13E+065.18E+061.92E+08 Dec (31)2.125.68E+065.36E+061.98E+08 Jan (31)1.784.77E+065.36E+062.03E+08 Feb (28)1.954.72E+064.84E+062.07E+08 March (31)7.251.94E+075.36E+062.27E+08 April24.706.40E+075.18E+062.91E+08 May (31)6.261.68E+075.36E+063.08E+08 June8.922.31E+075.18E+063.31E+08 July (31)3.579.56E+065.36E+063.40E+08 Aug (31)1.985.30E+065.36E+063.46E+08 Sept1.955.05E+065.18E+063.51E+08 Oct (31)3.098.28E+065.36E+063.59E+08 Nov3.941.02E+075.18E+063.69E+08 Dec (31)12.703.40E+075.36E+064.03E+08

24. MonthInflow (I) (m^3/s)Inflow (I) (m^3/month) OutFlow (O) (Draft) (m^3/month) Cumulative Inflow (m^3) (Graphical) Deficiency I - O (m^3) Cumulative Deficiency (m^3) Aug (31)1.704.55E+065.36E+064.55E+06-803520.00 Sep1.56 Oct (31)1.56 Nov2.04 Dec (31)2.35 Jan (31)2.89 Feb (28)9.57 March (31)17.70 April16.40 May (31)6.83 June3.74 July (31)1.60 Aug (31)1.13 Sept1.132.93E+065.18E+061.83E+08-2255040.00 Oct (31)1.423.80E+065.36E+061.87E+08-1553472.00 Nov1.985.13E+065.18E+061.92E+08-51840.00 Dec (31)2.125.68E+065.36E+061.98E+08321408.00 Jan (31)1.784.77E+065.36E+062.03E+08-589248.00 Feb (28)1.954.72E+064.84E+062.07E+08-120960.00 March (31)7.251.94E+075.36E+062.27E+0814061600.00 April24.706.40E+075.18E+062.91E+0858838400.00 May (31)6.261.68E+075.36E+063.08E+0811409984.00 June8.922.31E+075.18E+063.31E+0817936640.00 July (31)3.579.56E+065.36E+063.40E+084205088.00 Aug (31)1.985.30E+065.36E+063.46E+08-53568.00 Sept1.955.05E+065.18E+063.51E+08-129600.00 Oct (31)3.098.28E+065.36E+063.59E+082919456.00 Nov3.941.02E+075.18E+063.69E+085028480.00 Dec (31)12.703.40E+075.36E+064.03E+0828658880.00

25. MonthInflow (I) (m^3/s)Inflow (I) (m^3/month) OutFlow (O) (Draft) (m^3/month) Cumulative Inflow (m^3) (Graphical) Deficiency I - O (m^3) Cumulative Deficiency (m^3) Aug (31)1.704.55E+065.36E+064.55E+06-803520.00 Sep1.56 Oct (31)1.56 Nov2.04 Dec (31)2.35 Jan (31)2.89 Feb (28)9.57 March (31)17.70 April16.40 May (31)6.83 June3.74 July (31)1.60 Aug (31)1.13 Sept1.132.93E+065.18E+061.83E+08-2255040.00-5656608.00 Oct (31)1.423.80E+065.36E+061.87E+08-1553472.00-7210080.00 Nov1.985.13E+065.18E+061.92E+08-51840.00-7261920.00 Dec (31)2.125.68E+065.36E+061.98E+08321408.00-6940512.00 Jan (31)1.784.77E+065.36E+062.03E+08-589248.00-7529760.00 Feb (28)1.954.72E+064.84E+062.07E+08-120960.00-7.65E+06 March (31)7.251.94E+075.36E+062.27E+0814061600.000.00 April24.706.40E+075.18E+062.91E+0858838400.000.00 May (31)6.261.68E+075.36E+063.08E+0811409984.000.00 June8.922.31E+075.18E+063.31E+0817936640.000.00 July (31)3.579.56E+065.36E+063.40E+084205088.000.00 Aug (31)1.985.30E+065.36E+063.46E+08-53568.00 Sept1.955.05E+065.18E+063.51E+08-129600.00-183168.00 Oct (31)3.098.28E+065.36E+063.59E+082919456.000.00 Nov3.941.02E+075.18E+063.69E+085028480.000.00 Dec (31)12.703.40E+075.36E+064.03E+0828658880.000.00