1. Social Movements and Cultural Change Andrew Jamison Aalborg University

2. Based on: Social Movements. A Cognitive Approach, by Ron Eyerman and Andrew Jamison (Polity and Penn State 1991) Music and Social Movements, by Ron Eyerman and Andrew Jamison (Cambridge University Press 1998) The Making of Green Knowledge, by Andrew Jamison (Cambridge University Press 2001) Hubris and Hybrids, by Mikael Hård and Andrew Jamison (Routledge 2005)

3. Social Movements as Knowledge Makers  movements seen as sites for collective learning  integrating theory and practice: ”cognitive praxis”  fostering hybrid forms of agency, or imagination  places where ”movement intellectuals” are formed ...and where culture and politics can sometimes meet

4. Dimensions of Cognitive Praxis  Cosmology, or episteme (theoretical knowledge) ideas, ontological and normative assumptions  Technology, or techne (practical knowledge) practices, forms of action and performance criteria  Organization, or phronesis (ethical knowledge) values, spaces for knowledge-making and mobilizaing traditions

5. The Hybrid Imagination  At a macro, or discursive level connecting ideas, integrating knowledge and action  At a micro, or personal level combining identities, and forms of practical activity  At a meso, or institutional level creating sites of collective, or organizational learning

6. The Making of Modern Science From movements…to institutions reform of religion reform of philosophy visionary, utopianrealistic, pragmatic decentralized organization(central) academy technical improvementsscientific development informal communicationformal publication

7. The Hybrid Imagination 1  The ”Renaissance Men”: Leonardo and co.  Artists and engineers in combination  Connecting magic and to humanism  A focus on detail and precise observation  The invention of experimentation

8. Leonardo da Vinci: The artist-engineer

9. The Hybrid Imagination 2  Scholars and craftsmen in combination  e.g. Paracelsus, Tycho Brahe, Galileo  Inspired by Luther and ”Protestant Ethic”  Connected theory to observation  The invention of scientific ”method”

10. Tycho Brahe: The scholar- craftsman

11. mechanization socialization modernization scientification globalization socialism anticolonialism environmentalism 1800 1850 1950 2000 1900 Cultural and Social Movements, or where hybrids are fostered Long Waves of Industrialization, or where hubris is generated enlightenment romanticism

12. The First Wave  ”the industrial revolution” (ca 1780-1830)  Iron, textile machines, and steam engines  Technologies of mechanization  The factory as an organizational innovation  Social and cultural movements:  ”machine-storming” and cooperation  romantic art and literature, e.g. Frankenstein

13. The Industrial Revolution

14. A Hybrid Imagination: Samuel Morse (1791-1872) the scientist-artist who invented the telegraph (1832) made a machine that could communicate devised a new technical language, Morse code (1838)

15. A Hybrid Imagination: Henry David Thoreau (1817-62) a ”romantic” scientist, author of Walden one of the founders of environmentalism also wrote On the Duty of Civil Disobedience (1849)

16. The Second Wave  ”the age of capital” (ca 1830-1880)  Railroads, telegraph, and steel  Technologies of socialization  The rise of the corporation (Carnegie, Krupp)  Social and cultural movements:  populism, communism and social-democracy  science fiction and arts and crafts

17. The Industrial Society

18. A Hybrid Imagination: Karl Marx (1818-1883)  Philosophy (Hegel) meets economics (Ricardo)  Positivism (Comte) meets socialism (Owen)  Idealism (Kant) meets materialism (Bentham)  science meets the industrial society The philosopher-turned-economist

19. A Hybrid Imagination: William Morris (1834-1896)  A romantic poet turned designer  Combined artistry and business  Mixed tradition and innovation  A utopian who was also practical

20. A major influence on…  Interior and industrial design  Architecture: Wright, Gehry, Utzon  Urban and regional planning  Socialist politics and culture  The ”education of desire”

21. The Third Wave  ”the age of empire” (ca 1880-1930)  Electricity, automobiles, chemicals and airplanes  Technologies of modernization  Research becomes a business (Edison, DuPont)  Social and cultural movements:  anticolonialism and fascism  modernism and human ecology

22. The Wright brothers at Kitty Hawk Henry Ford with his 10 millionth car

23. A Hybrid Imagination: The Bauhaus (1919-1933) "art and technology – a new unity”

24. ”Just as matter displaced becomes dirt, Reason misplaced becomes lunacy.” A Hybrid Imagination: Mohandas Gandhi The Western-trained lawyer who mobilized traditions in the struggle for independence

25. Paul Robeson (1898-1976) Singer, actor, political activist Click to hear ”Water Boy”

26. The people is a myth, an abstraction. And what myth would you put in place of the people? And what abstraction would you exchange for this one? And when has creative man not toiled deep in myth? from The People, Yes Carl Sandburg (1878-1967) Poet and folk song collector

27. Woody Guthrie and Leadbelly: combining traditions in the popular front Click to hear ”This Land is Your Land”

28. The Fourth Wave  the coming of technoscience (ca 1930-1980)  Atomic energy, genetics, and computers  Technologies of scientification  The rise of transnational corporations (IBM, Sony)  Social and cultural movements:  civil rights and ”ban the bomb”  environmentalism, feminism and postmodernism

29. The Modern Age

30. The Hybrid Imagination: Rachel Carson and environmentalism ”The road we have long been traveling is deceptively easy, a smooth superhighway om which we progress with great speed, but at its end lies disaster.”

31. ”Woody’s Children”: The Folk Revival as a Social Movement Click to hear Joan Baez singing ”All My Trials”

32. A Hybrid Imagination: Bob Dylan, 1941- Click to hear ”Blowin’ in the Wind”

33. A New Wave or a New Age?  ”the age of information” (från ca 1980)  Converging technologies (info-, bio-, cogno-, nano)  Technologies of the virtual  Global corporate empires (Microsoft, Nokia, Monsanto)  Social and cultural movements:  identity politics and ”open source”  ecological and global justice

34. The Age of Information

35. An Emerging Movement for Global Justice  outgrowth of anti-globalization protests  a ”movement of movements”, based on global networks  combining local engagement with global issues  contending conceptions of global justice  tensions with old and new social movements

36. Applying the Cognitive Approach  between the ”grand theory” of Negri and Hardt…  and the ”abstracted empiricism” of Sidney Tarrow et al  making spaces for collective knowledge making and learning  and for the mobilization of cultural traditions  by trying to put the hybrid imagination into action

37. A Movement Intellectual: Vandana Shiva with Carlo Petrini at a slow food cafe

38. Vandana Shiva’s Cognitive Praxis On the discursive, or cosmological level – ecofeminism, public accountability, ”earth democracy” On the institutional, or organizational level - organic agriculture, seed banks, international campaigns On the technical, or practical level – public speaking, advocacy research, counter-expertise

39. The Hybrid Imagination in Action Click to hear ”Globalization Blues”

40. We need to change our ways And how we spend our days, Stop taking so much from the earth And learn what life is really worth. We've taken more than we should And we've done less than we could, We've taken chances with our fate Oh, let us hope it's not too late. We need to change our minds Before the world unwinds, Learn of the patterns and the flows, From where life comes and where it goes. We Need to Change Our Ways Please sing along! We need to change our schools And rearrange our tools, Teach our children how to share And teach each other how to care. We need to change our ways And how we spend our days, Stop taking so much from the earth And learn what life is really worth.